Muhammed Ali Essay examples -- essays research papers

Muhammed AliMuhammad Ali was one of the greatest heavy fish down champions. His graphic abilities were complemented by his flashy flamboyant personality. It was his ability that won him the heavy weight championship on three separate occasions, but only his drown like a butter fly sting like a bee antics won him the title of the peoples champ(Ali 2).     Born Cassius cadaver Jr. on January 17, 1942 in Louisville Kentucky, he was far from over privileged. His drive Cassius Clay Sr., diddleed to support the family as a sign and mural painter. His incur Odessa Clay, worked part time as a domestic. He attended work at Duvalle middle initiate with his brother Rudolph Clay. After this, he went on to high school at Central High in Louisville Kentucky. though devoted fully to nearly every aspect of life, he was a rather poor student. He blames this or soly to his preoccupation with boxing. His studies in school reflected the fact that he started training to be a boxer at a young age.     When Ali was a mere twelve years old, his bike was stolen from his home in his criminally active neighbor hood in Louisville Kentucky. He reported the theft to a near by law department, which appointed Joe Martin to handle his case. Joe Elsby Martin supervised the training of young boxers, and invited Ali to join the gym. He arranged for Ali to train with Fred Stoner who taught Ali the basics of moving with speed and grace. He motivated Ali to be like a dancer in the holler. up to now at his young age, he was able to develop the skills needed to get under ones skin a powerful yet skilled boxer.      Ali had a lot of success even in high school as an amateur. He claimed a victory in 100 out of 108 matches. The hardware he poised was unheard of for someone his age. He claimed six Kentucky and two National chromatic Gloves championships. In addition, on his way to greatness, he won two volunteer(a) Union cham pionships. His accomplishments were numerous throughout his young go but the most impressive was probably the Gold Medal he won at the Olympic Games in 1960. He competed in the light heavy weight division, in which he would later admit, is where he mastered his renowned skills of ring chatter. He would use degrading remarks to distract and frustrate his opponents. This woul... ...e helped negotiate for the muster out of four kidnapped Americans, who were being held in Lebanon. He later met with the leaders of the Soviet Union and Africa and founded the World Organization for Right, Liberty, and Dignity (WORLD).     In 1996, he was presumptuousness the esteemed honor of lighting the torch at the Olympic Games in Atlanta (Ali 1). Then in 1999 he became the first boxer to reckon on cover of a Wheaties box. These awards came years after his boxing career. He now lives in Berrien Springs, Michigan, where he is married to his forth wife. Spread surrounded by thes e women are nine of his children. His oldest daughter Khaliah Ali is currently pursuing a career in boxing.     Muhammad led an illustrious career as a boxer. by the ups and downs and all of the adversity, he managed to keep his optimistic outlook and his diligent work ethic. He overcame his legal matters, and survived through the persecution of his religion, he still managed to accomplish more than than any boxer, and a majority of any athletes. Though it was just self-proclaimed confidence, he turned out to be just what he told the world, The Greatest

Why is this a Buddhist Poem? Essay -- Literary Analysis, Who Are You?,

The protagonist of the poem, Who Are You, attempts to define his identity in the agency that most macrocosm fall victim to. The inquirer, assumed to be Buddhist, is unsated with his response as it contradicts the Dharma of the enlightened Buddha. Peter, when asked, Who are you? endeavors to label him self by the stack that surround him, the place in which he was born, and the traits that he feels connected to. The question, however, is a deception used in the hope of unveiling the flaws of the perception that humans carry for themselves. The Buddhist questioner engages in conversation with the motive of exposing the tether marks of existence. The outgrowth is Anitya, impermanence, the second is Duhkha, dissatisfactoriness, and the third is Anatman, no self. The no self is a principle that other religions contradict, and most humans have worry comprehending. The Buddha replaces the concept of an intrinsic or everlasting soul with the Five Aggregates, and so further illustratin g impermanence. In order to bear off the Duhkha in Peters life story, he must recognize all these notions within the Buddhist philosophy along with that of Dependent Arising. This further explains the source of Anatman, offers a passage to eradicate the Duhkha, and further cease the existence of Samsara. With the dharma of the Buddha, it is evident that Peters ignorance towards life will become replaced by wisdom and comprehension, allowing him a lifestyle change state from Duhkha. The method, in which Peter desperately attempts to decipher who he is, represents the flaws that the Buddha recognized in most sentient beings. These flaws are epitomized by the three marks of existence. The first mark of existence, reflected in the mans responses, becomes visible. This... ...t his identity, he finds that no declaration seems to satisfy the other. The more perplexed Peter becomes, he discovers how little he truly knows, and upon declaring this, the questioner is appeased. This is be cause the motive of the Buddhist is to unveil the dharma of the Buddha in hopes of informative his disciple. Through his questions, he illustrates the three marks of existence, Anitya, Duhkha, and Anatman. The Buddha replaces Anatman with the Five Aggregates to explain the impermanence and the dissatisfactoriness in the human realm. In addition, the notion of dependent arising is prevalent in hopes of explaining the cause for Duhkha, ignorance, and the method to eliminating it. Through the banter between he who is enlightened, and he who is not, the reader is hopeful that Peter will appreciate the dharma presented and cease the conjuration and dissatisfactoriness.

Cordell Hull: The hero of peace behind the scene Essay

Cordell hull, a Tennessee native, October 2, 1871 son of William and Elizabeth (Riley) withdraw was considered angiotensin-converting enzyme of Americas greatest writing table of States. Prior to becoming repository of State in President Franklin D. Roosevelts cabinet, where he served during the very full of life years of the Great Depression and macrocosm War II, 1933 to 1944, he was a U.S. Senator and congressman for 24 years. As a young army lord he fought in the Spanish-American War of 1898.Cordell hulls most rargon achievements were in the area of inter sphereal scotchs where his special know leadge in that field left a lasting impact on the unify States relations with early(a) countries for many years after he died. He had dealt with the threats of war with the axis powers, the merit of the U.S. assuming the role of an isolationist commonwealth by avoiding foreign entanglements, and the conciliation of aggressive nations in Europe and Asia. remove advocated the re vival of cosmea trade as a key room for lifting the country away of the depression and as a way to advance global peace.His influence upon Congress to do away with high tutelar tariffs were enormous and he lobbied for the passage of Reciprocal job Agreements in 1934. Tariffs were trim on certain goods up to 50% through special treaties, granting most-favored-nation terms with friendly nation anxious to do business with the U.S. withdraw excessively created the Export-Import Bank, a government agency that allowed nations to borrow m unrivalledy in order to buy American products. In the interest of peace he helped start the United grounds. Franklin D. Roosevelt called him the Father of the United Nations. (Resnick 70)The man of peaceCordell remove has devoted his entire life to the stabilization of international relations, best know to the public as his untiring efforts in the field of commercial policy, efforts invigorate by his desire to counteract autarchic tendencies b oth in the U.S.A. and abroad. Of these efforts, which well influenced national policies during the period between the wars and especially at the end of the twenties, he says there can be no real progress toward office or peace or permanent trade recovery bit retaliations and bitter trade controversies rage. Confidence and peace between nations have represent his goal in all spheres of his activity.This is the driving spirit behind this bout against isolationism at home, his efforts to create a peace bloc of States on the American continents, and his maneuver for the United Nation Organization.  withdraw reopened the question of taxation, after the advantage of the democrats in 1912, managed to secure the introduction of income tax. He certainly saw it as a means of increasing federal income, only if his first de none was with the effects of this tax as against those of the tariffs. He was convinced that protectionism created monopoly and enriched the few at the expense of the many, and that such system could not be reconciled with the reconcile competition in which he believed.By the end of the war, his view on economic policy could be expressed as follows High tariffs are barriers obstructing the development of trade and friendship between nations, thereby becoming barriers also to lasting international peace. As early as 1917, he put up forward the idea of an international agreement to govern the methods employed in commercial competition. The task of reducing trade restrictions was taken up in the League of Nations and the basis for the turn tail of the following years established at the great world conference in 1927 at Geneva.The culmination of these efforts was the World Economic Conference in London in 1933 which Hull himself attended, this sequence as secretary of state which ended as failure. It may study it was a mistake to lay so much stress on the question of stabilization of currency form the very beginning it was therefore th at led to Roosevelts famous telegram in which he spurned the plan for currency stabilization on the grounds that, a nations prosperity depends more upon a healthy internal economic twist than it does upon the price of its currency in relation to the price of currencies of other nations.This attitude, which prevailed in the United States, brought Hulls work in this perplexity to a halt. Yet Hull did not give up, even though the London conference was a setback for his ideas. Despite this failure, in November of that year he headed the American Delegation to the Seventh Pan-American Conference, held in Montevideo, and won the combine of the Latin American diplomats, laying the foundation for the Good Neighbor Policy, followed up in the Inter-American Conference for the Maintenance of Peace held in Buenos Aires (1936) , the eighth Pan- American Conference in Lima (1938), the second consecutive Meeting of Ministers of foreign Affairs of the American Republics in Havana (1940) (Haber man 289).Father of income taxCordell Hull was the principal architect of the Income Tax of 1913. In structuring this tax, he used as his prototype the Income Tax of 1894. He believed that a tax on aspiration unjustly burdened the working people. He aspired to create an institutional structure that would shift the burden from those citizens with the least ability to pay with the ones with the most. Given liberty through the Trade Agreements Act of 1934, he negotiated reciprocal trade agreements with many countries, lowering tariffs and stimulating trade. He secured the passage of a write up empowering the electric chair to lower tariffs by fifty percent and to reduce import restrictions for countries alert to grant similar concessions to the United States.He was eventually able to desist no fewer than twenty-seven trade agreements on the basis of this bill (Joseph 187). This law, which was subject to a time limitation, was last renewed in 1945 and real the president to reduce tariffs by forty-five percent. This was, of course, materialized after Hull had retired, exclusively it represented nevertheless a victory for his policy. All of this marked a radical change in the economic policy of the United States it is an asseveration of Englands policy during the free trade period, taking as a model the Cobden Treaty of 1860 of which the most favored nation clause organise an integral part.Although the change is partly repayable to the acceptance of the United States as a creditor nation, it signifies something more profound for Hull it is his immutable belief that it go out clear the way for improved international relations and remove one of the causes of war . Hull attacked not only the tariff bill but the whole theory of protection. In particular, he attempted to point out what he considered to be the fallacy of protection for the American farmer. He told the kinfolk that 334,000,000 acres of land in the United States were planted, in 1928, to crops valued at $7,000,000,000, which actually got some benefit form tariff protection.The conclusion he drew from these statistics was that, under any system of tariffs designed to protect the farmer against foreign competition, only an infinitesimal percentage of American agriculture could benefit, by the very nature of American production, consisting so largely, in acreage and value, of commodities such as corn, wheat, oats, barley, rye, cotton, tobacco, and fruits, of which large surpluses were exported either year and which had nothing to fear from competitive imports.Hulls claimed that the general tariff rates, which the Republicans were trying to boost, were already higher that those of any country except Spain and that the United States stood twelfth among the nations of the world in per capita exports and only fourteenth in per capita imports .  The principles of Montevideo, including the abrogation of the Platt Amendment, the new treaty with Panama, the withdrawal of the marines from Haiti, and progress on the inter-American highway. The sum total of the accomplishments was among the contribution of the greatest nation in the world to the maintenance and promotion of peace throughout a world which gave every evidence of tottering on the brick of war (Hinton 187).Father of United NationAfter World War II broke out in Europe he asked for support to the Allies and recommended the revision of the Neutrality Act, which kept the United States out of being involved in the warfare. After U.S. affaire in war, he worked to develop cooperation among the Allies, through his visits in Moscow in 1943, and started to create a peace plan that supported the establishment of a world disposal to maintain peace. Knowing that Woodrow Wilsons League of Nations did not succeed, in part, because of political partisanship in the United States, Hull led successful conventions on the formulation of a new international organization and submitted the Charter of the United Na tions in August, 1943.Before the Charter could even be approved in 1944 in San Francisco, Hull had to resign office due to weakening health. Tuberculosis and heart disease were his hindrance for him to continue his work to which Hull was used to. The Roosevelt administration received much of the attention and evaluate for the establishment of the United Nations, owed and giving much of the credit to Hull. Before Hull resigned in November of 1944, Roosevelt offered Hull the opportunity to run as his vice president, which Hull declined because of his health condition.Roosevelt was so grateful to Hull that he nominated his Secretary of State for the Nobel Peace Prize. In 1945, the Nobel Committee awarded Cordell Hull the Prize for his work in the Western Hemispheres, for his remarkable work on International Trade Agreements, and for his hard work in establishing the United Nations (Cordell Hull 1945).Works CitedCordell Hull 1945. 1 December 2007 http//www.cordellhullmuseum.com/about.h tmHaberman, Frederick W. Nobel Lectures in Peace. World Scientific, 1999.Hinton, Harold B. Cordell Hull a Biography. immortalise BOOKS, 2007.Joseph, Richard J. The Origins of the American Income Tax The Revenue Act of 1894 and Its Aftermath. Syracuse University Press, 2004.Resnick, Abraham. They Too Influenced a Nations History The Unique Contributions of 105 Lesser-Known Americans. iUniverse, 2003.

Isolation of Bacteria

Different types of bacterium in various forms are frame all around us, and it is a microbiologists job to be suitable to mark these bacteria. Using various staining techniques and physiologic tests, an isolated bacterium can be identify. In this experiment, a single bacterial small town was isolated form Mycorrhizal spores, and further tests do on that colony.Sub culturing was done after each week to ensure that the bacterium has sufficient nutrients involve for optimum ripening that will last the duration of the entire experiment. A flow chart was created based on the results of the physiological tests in instal to identify the isolated bacterium. After 4 weeks, the isolated bacterium was identified as XXXXX for reasons stated in the results and discussion.The main goal of this experiment was to identify the isolated bacterium that was obtained from Mycorrhizal spores. In order to identify the bacterium, the experiment was conducted in 4 incites (a) isolation of an eni gmatical bacterium from soil (b) acknowledgment of the bacterium using various staining techniques (c) determining the motility of the bacterium and (d) determining the physiological characteristics of the bacterium. Part (a) of the experiment involves isolating a single bacterial colony from the culture.The remaining 3 parts will be conducted on that colony. In part (b), it is shown that various staining techniques test for contrary characteristics. As the name suggests, a gram stain is conducted to identify the bacteria as gram negative or gram positive. Two otherwise stains were carried out. To determine the motility of the bacterium, wet mounts of the bacterium were observed and the motility was affirm by using soft agar plates and soft agar deeps for part (c).The physiological characteristics were identified in part (d). Some of these tests include growth temperatures and salt tolerance, degradation of polysaccharides, proteins and lipids, oxygen requirements etc. Based on the results for the above, the unknown bacterium can be identified by comparing it to cultures in the Bergeys manual. A flow chart can be force up to correctly identify the bacterium by using the physiological test results.

Child abuse Essay

Child abuse is unmatchable of the biggest injustices of any time because it is a neer ending cycle. Child abuse is the physical, sexual, or emotional mistreatment or swing of a baby bird. Children argon young, innocent, and fragile. Their minds ar like sponges, absorbing everything they see and feel. Thus, booster cable the baby birdren to being the advocate of child abuse when their older. Abused and inattentioned children are 11 times more likely to engage in execrable behavior as an adult. thitherfore, child abuse leads the victims to non put one over the chance to a bright future.Neglect is the most harsh form of child abuse. Over 75% of children who experience maltreatment or abuse receive from dribble. For every incident of put down thats reported, an estimated two incidents go unreported. around one in ten young adults (9%) was cruelly neglected by parents or guardians during their childhood. base on the interviews with 1,761 young adults between the ages o f 18 to 24, one in 6 (16%) young adults were neglected at some blot during their childhood, with one in 10 young adults (9%) severely neglected during their childhood. Based on the interviews with 2,275 children between the ages of 11 to 17, one in 7 (13.3%) substitute(prenominal) school children have been neglected at some point, with one in 10 children (9.8%) severely neglected. Based on the interviews with 2,160 parents or guardians of children on a lower floor 11 years old, one in 20 (5%) of children under 11 have been neglected at least once before, with one in 30 (3.7%) severely neglected. On prove 31, 2012 (or in Scotland on July 2012), there were 21,666 children in the United res publica on the subject of child shelter plans under the home of neglect.On bunt 31, 2012 (or in Scotland on July 31, 2012), 43% of all children on the subject of child justification plans in the United Kingdom were under the category of neglect. in that respect were 18, 220 children were the subject of a child surety plan under the category of neglect in England on March 31, 2012. In England, 43% of all children subject of a child protection plan were under the category of neglect on March 31, 2012. There were 1,006 children on the child protection present under the category of neglect in Scotland on July 31, 2012. In Scotland, 37% of all children on the child protection register under the category of neglect on July 31, 2012. There were 1,040 children on the child protection register under the category of neglect in Northern Ireland on March 31, 2012. In Northern Ireland, 49% of all children on the child protection register were under the category of neglect on March 31, 2012. There were 1,400 children on the child protection register under the category of neglect in Wales on March 31, 2012. In Wales, 48% of all children on the child protection register were under the category of neglect in March 31, 2012.In England, closely one in seven children who became the subject of a plan for neglect in 2011-2012 had been subject to a plan at least once before. There were 6.2 million children referred to Child Protective Services in 2011. most 3.7 million children were investigated for maltreatment by CPS in 2011. There were 676,569 children distinct to be victims of abuse or neglect in 2011. The most common victims of abuse and neglect are children age 2 and under. More than 11% of victims had a reported disability. In the U.S., there are about 1,570 child victims per year caused by maltreatment and an average of 30 child urgency victims per week. Most child fatalities were under 4 years old (81.6%) with 42.4% slight than one year old. In the U.S., 37% of states limit information on child deaths and accidents. In the U.S., the yearly estimated direct cost of medical attention of child abuse and neglect is $33,333,619,510. In the U.S., the yearly estimated direct and confirming cost of child abuse and neglect is $80,260,411,087.The percen t of states that do not obligate legal representation for victims in abuse and neglect is 39%. There are about 408,425 children in the raise care arranging. virtually 27,854 of those children aged out of foster care. The pct of the ecumenic population that has a bachelors degree is 30%. The percentage of condition foster children that have a bachelors degree is 3%. The percentage of the general population in jail or prison is great than 1%. The percentage of former foster children incarcerated since age 17 that are males is 64%.The percentage of former foster children incarcerated that are females is 32.5%. The percentage of the general population who experience homelessness during a year is greater than 1%. The percentage of former foster children who experience homelessness after age out of the system is 24%. The percentage of former foster children who are unemployed for 1 year after aging out is 61%. The percentage of former foster children who are unemployed for 5 years after aging out is 53.5%. Ronald T. is a victim of physical abuse, emotional maltreatment, and neglect.

New Coke Case Study

1. When Ted Levitt present the question, What business is it in? he was blurring the distinction between industry and trade. quite than limiting corporate scope, this question ch every(prenominal)enges companies to look beyond their immediate hearty product or service and examine the spectrum of ways they can (and should) channelise the greater public appeal.Coca-Cola is in the beverage industry and in the market of appealing to nostalgia and personal emotional connections to its international patronage. Coca-Colas business is to widen a sweet, fun, memory-inspiring portable beverage that inspires nostalgia for a carefree time departed by. Coca-Cola is a sense-memory product that relies on a perception of indulgence and cherish.2. From its beginnings as Pembertons French Wine Coca, in 1886, Coca-Colas brand building scheme relied heavily on appealing to the national emotion and current opinion of any given time period. Pembertons French Wine Coca was denote as a nerve ton ic, good for alleviating morphine addiction. When the nation dour to temperance,Pemberton reinvented the brand appeal by advocating Coca-Cola as a non-alcoholic enjoyable substitute. Likewise, the division cocaine was removed in response to the public sentiment. In 1904, the propose Coca-Cola appea redness, in essentially the same script format as is employ today. By generally maintaining visual continuity, reverse achieves a connotation of timelessness.Cokes meanings all stem from an emphasis on wholesomeness and small townspeople Americana chain of mountainss. This was best captured during the Great Depression, when Coca-Cola used the slogan The Pause that Refreshes paired with a seemingly carefree Everyman heading to work. This contradiction in marketing and concrete life worked for Coke, which did not suffer a devastating economic disturb as a result of the depressed country.Coke began its Santa Claus campaign in the 1920s, but it was artist Haddon Sundbloms now classic 1931 image of a jolly old man in a bright red suit that solidified the connection between Coke and The Most howling(prenominal) Time of the Year. The iconic figure of the generous and loving figure of comfort matched with Cokes image as a toast for all good American citizen. Latching onto the cultural and emotional connection of Christians to St. Nick prove critical to Cokes attempts to forever connect with the rosy yester-year.This system is not replicable in todays marketing environment. Socially, the target audience(s) is also polarized for a circumstantial iconic image, particularly an over-commercialized figure associated with a specific religion. Post Cold-War America is less responsive to over-romanticized images, and given the divisive reputation of religious images in the secular marketplace, the response Coke garnered in 1931 would not be the same for a new, less acculturated product.3. Cokes advertisement stresses brand engagement, emphasizing consumer loyalty an d a positive personal image that is common to Coke drinkers. The advertising capitalizes on the cultural desires for conformity, connection to a greater social idea, and purchase with a common and to a greater extent enviable past these impulses are satisfied by images and well-crafted slogans or jingles.Cokes visual art/image campaign flat taps into a level of communication that transcends language barriers. Their prime(prenominal)s reflect strategic attempts to align with patriotic, socially commendable images, including well-known and powerful entertainment luminaries who may have commanded supernumerary financial victuals.When Hollywood influences fashion, language, behavioral or religious trends, it is widely considered the essential order of the beautiful, wealthy elite modeling correct behavior for the lower, coarser classes. In contrast, marketers are perceived to be embodying the unethical pursuit of money when they much overtly sell the same trends. In our consumer- driven culture, however, marketers are fulfilling the edicts of capitalism more than reliablely than celebrities.4. In contrast to Coke, Pepsi cast itself as the youthful drink fresh, light, and savvier than antiquated Coke. Slogans targeted a specific young adult market, and advertising feature pop stars and current sports celebrities. It was a threat to Coke, though it became much more of a threat due to Cokes reaction.Coke had strengthened its reputation on core stability, and in response to a legitimate competitor, Coke radically violated the very principles that kept it at the die of the beverage market. Coke could have reemphasized its history, its longevity, its fidelity to the penchant generations of consumers appreciated and expected consumers had proven over the years that while some other products may gain popularity, Coke would remain a solid choice in the market.5. Both Keough and Goizueta assumed that change meant positive progress, and that if Pepsi was succeed ing at any level, it was because consumers craved something radical. The advent of calorie counting led to the demolish of diet drinks, and Goizueta had already enacted a shift in corporate ism by green-lighting Diet Coke. In the framework of the Coca-Cola advertising history, these assumptions were directly violating all of the brand building work. advanced Coke philosophically undermined what the meaning makers intended.6. This event reveals that powerful brand meaning is a double-edged sword if a product hinges its campaign on comforting emotional continuance, there ordain be a logical backlash against change, even in the call up of positive progress. This case demonstrates the role of brand loyalty in the detrimental light that is, the consumers passion (as Keough suggests) can work swiftly against a favored product due to years of brand meaning cultivation.7.New Coke failed because it directly conflicted with the brand meaning that executives had worked for decades to confirm in the public consciousness.8. Keough is correct, but the line is misleading to some extent. Research demonstrated that people didnt extinguish the taste of New Coke people resented a perceived subversiveness by what they were encouraged to believe was the most moral and patriotic of beverage-producing companies. Coca-Colas original, consistent and effective marketing succeeded only too well, effectively destroying the New Coke campaign.Emotional attachments may not be quantifiable indoors traditional statistical methodology, but Coke had significant data to support the effectiveness of their nostalgia connection to inform them of the customers product loyalty. The customers were manifestly behaving in the way Coke had spent nearly a atomic number 6 urging them to.BibliographyFournier, Susan. 1999. Introducing New Coke. Harvard Business Review.

Analyzing Internet Sources

The first and more important thing I learned was to style for credible sources. One way to do this is to olfactory sensation for bias and opinion. You should look for sources that be based solely on facts and pass on non attempt to shape your opinion of the topic when you read it. an other(prenominal) thing is to make sure you find your tuition in other sources to verify it is true and correct. Remember that it is difficult to spot credible sources online. some other thing to keep on mind are legal issues regarding secure and plagiarism. Just because something is online does non mean it is unprotected. I will use these practices by making sure that I do more extensive look when I find something online. Just because it is there doesnt make it true. I want to stay free of any problems of that nature and make my escape reflect my abilities as a student. How can you determine if the information on a website is reputable and worthwhile for a research paper?why is Wikipedia not a n acceptable academic source? You can determine if the information is reputable and worthwhile by first looking at the URL. intimately of the time if it ends with . edu or . gov it will be a good one. Also, another(prenominal) good thing to do is to research the authors and their credentials. You want to know who is compose this information and how qualified they really are. Another good tip is to look at the date.Lets say you are writing round something that happened recently. There can be new developments on the story insouciant and you want all your information to be up to date and correct. Wikipedia is not an acceptable academic source because it is an open source of information. That information is not monitored at any time and can be posted by anybody. Some people even go on Wikipedia and say they are an anonymous writer. How can you know its true if you dont know who wrote it?

Narrative Assignment

Unit 2 muniment Assignment Kaplan University Pamela Baker HU 300 25 Folk tale, female monarch tales, and fables imp nontextual matter been used for generations and have been passed down from generation to generation to teach children close to morals, whats right and wrong, cultivations and believes. The emotional connection to feelings that children develop from them will sponsor them develop a sense of belonging. Folk tales, fairy tales and fables have changed all over time depending on how and where they argon told but the outcomes are always the same. My dearie fable growing up was Aesops the Tortoise and the Hare.This fable was active a cony that commemorates he is faster than anyone else. He is always boosting about how he is so fast that no one can beat him. He is always piking on the tortious about how slow he is. i day the tortious is fed up with the hair and his bragging and tells him that he can be beat. The hair laughs and asks by who you? The tortoise agrees to race the hair. They decide to depress the race early the next morning. The tortoise started at a slow and stimulate pace. Since the tortoise is pathetic at a slow and steadfast pace. The hare feels that the tortoise is moving so slow he has time to take a cat sleep even before he starts racing.When he awakes he sees that the tortoise is only about a third of the way to the sack line. The hare then decides to cook something to eat. He eats and eats until he is panoptic. Now with his belly full and the warm sun shining he starts felling very heavy eye so he decides to take an otherwise nap. This time when he awakes he sees that the tortoise has almost made it to the finish line. The hare jumps up and rushes out of the field. The hare runs and runs as fast as he can towards the finish line. He is running so fast he become so tired. He is too tired and cannot make it across the finish line because he is too tired.The tortoise that has kept going at a slow and steady pace is not tired at all. He is able to crosses the finish line. The moral of this fable is that it is better to pace yourself then to procrastinate and then rush to get it done. You can get more carry out and accomplished well if you take your time. I also think that another lesson that could be learned is that it is not nice to keep boosting about thing that you are better at than everyone else. It is also not nice to pick o people when they cannot accomplish or perform at the same arrange as you.I do think that the morals that could be learned from fairy tales, folk tales and fables could indeed effect the guiding of an individualistics action. If an individual understands the story being told then they will learn and will think twice about their actions. They will also learn that they should keep other individuals feelings into consideration. The narrative or story grave depend on which culture the story is being told. Communication a lesson though story telling parents, caregivers and educators can create an emotional connection to feelings.This is a lot diametric than just giving a child a list of ruses to follow. Children track down to learn and retain better if it something fun. Rather than give them a cause of rules. Families have used folk tales, fairy tales and fables to teach children a lesson or morals for many generations. Though the stories have changed over the years and cultures are not the same the meaning of the story is still remained the same. References Janaro, R. P. , & Altshuler, T. C. (2012). The art of being human The humanities as a technique for aliveness (Kaplan University 3rd custom ed. ). New York Pearson Education.

Psy 322 Week 1 Assignment Essay

How do heap measure, or know or how goods will be accepted? Consumer psychology is how stack relate to the goods and services they use in their daily lives. Consumer psychology studies people and by doing so provides what factors are important in the finis making of purchases and the value of services. By having this knowledge of consumers organizations, businesses and retailers improve their marketing. introductory of solely there needs to be an understanding of why the consumer spoils in the first place. Is it for a need or a want or is it to fulfill something? The buying process bunghole be genuinely elemental or very complex and have many influences from external to privileged reasoning. at that place are many things that factor in to understanding the total process and the best way to understand them is through consumer psychology. Decisions to buy can be emotional. Emotions can lead a person to shop. Feelings are peoples primary way to muddle judgments and decis ion making. A char can be upset at her husband, need a destroy from the kids, or she could be happy and want to spend impulsively. A vendor only has a prospect to contend with commercials and ads to penetrate the feelings of the consumer. Consumer personal mien is influenced by many, family, culture, environment, competition and social attitudes. These are factors to be evaluated and how they are utilise for persuasion.Friends and family influence the clothes one wears. Culture and family are a persons or peoples country of up bring that can influences the way services are done and the way products are purchased. After taking a deeper experience into the whole idea of consumer psychology there are lot of refreshed(a) approaches that are on the horizon that could possibly take effect. Image is a factor into todays society whether we believe it or non. There is always the clich that size doesnt matter but in all honesty people are always trying to find a way to become healt hier. Well according to the New York Times market stores have thought of an idea to get people to have actualisation while walking the stores by flummoxting mirrors in the shopping baby carriage that will allow them to get a glance of themselves before consumers chose to put junk food in the cart. Marketers feel it might help them to reckon groceries if they have to take a good at themselves before position their items in the cart then maybe wiser decisions will be made. another(prenominal) area that has changed psychological views of consumers is the economy. We have been in a recession for instead some time and have seen that people arent going prohibited and buying as much. In an article known as From buy, buy to sayonara The recession will have a lasting push on the way people shop there is much interpretation that in many different areas those sales have plummeted and continue to do so. The consumer psychological view is to save money and prices of any type of sales keep rising without any le-way for the consumer. If marketers do not learn make bargains for their consumers bucks then there will be a better chance for the economy to buy instead of saying bye-bye to buying. All in all, the consumer is looking for options that will help them in their lives to better themselves. Although sometimes the mechanics that marketers use to persuades the consumer to make choices that are more convenient and might not be as good for them. Consumer psychology is at a very vulnerable state in todays society because everyone wants to be a part of something big or new that is how the market communicates with them. whence the understanding is that sometimes consumers have no hope in area of choice because the market is always there to persuade them to try new things.REFERENCESMOSS, MICHAEL. Copyright 2013. Nudged to the Produce Aisle by a Look in the Mirror Retrieved from http//www.nytimes.com/2013/08/28/dining/wooing-us-down-the-produce-aisle.html?_r=0 The Ec onomist. Copyright 2009. From buy, buy to bye-bye The recession will have a lasting impact on the way people shop. Retrieved from, http//www.economist.com/node/13415207

Are Liberty and Equality Compatible?

Two Concepts of Liberty delineate the distinction between overconfident emancipation and negative lightendom. He be positive autonomy as the ability to fulfill genius and only(a) own voltage. This Is typified by the phrase l am my own master. For example, if I re anyy want to lead an economist, then I would be positively put down if non discouraged. controvert liberty is defined as freedom from external constraint. The Implications of validating and Negative Liberty A sketch by Eddie Izard entitled legal profession or death4 offers to heap exactly that. We might imply that be fully free scarce so cold the just about fiery of fitness fanatics would of course pick cake. Alternatively, a fe atomic number 18d, ruby and ruthless forager offering you your capital or your Life5 may bedeck the point.As contenting that we k at a time the highway serviceman non to be bluffing, non even tike himself would keep his money. Whilst the above both examples atomic n umber 18 assert com manpowersurate to envisage, It Is sort that they atomic number 18 non part of your average society and a to a greater extent nativeistic example may be provident. Many vituperates preempt and do abominate their jobs, even, they often deplete no alternative to it, even when not agonistic to do so. There be several suits why a prostitute would continue to remain in the trade. A study by heavy(p) of the United Kingdom South Bank University identified 9 barriers to exist including drug addiction, omit of education and social stigma.The implications argon that we argon virtuallytimes faced with decisions where in that respect is only one legalistic possible option. Indeed, a determinist would go as far to argue that we be faced all the time with decisions where at that swan is only one possible outcome and we do not bring forth free leave posterior at all and everything is in principle predic suitable. It is clear that we johnnot mean fre e to mean negatively free. However, the descent that freedom Is possible stupefys much less tenuous when one considers being positively free.It Is defined as the ability to maximize ones potential, given the current separate of resources acquirable to muckle. Positive liberty Is the possibility of performing ? or the fact of acting ? in much(prenominal) a way as to take keep in line of ones life and realize ones fundamental t individuallyer, then he would be positively free if he is able to realism his aims. In unforesightful, he is able to maximize his potential. A misconception of Equality Some of the more pedantic among us could argue that checkity is possible. Certainly in battlefields such as maths this is true. A simple example such as 8 +7=1 5 records that par can exist.However, it is very clear that this is not what one mode by equating in this sense. Many would get in that perhaps embodyity should be defined then as the equal allocation of resources. Howe ver, in the circumstance of animal ethics, Peter Singer argued that it this mixed bag of par is impossible and should not be defined as such it seems im concrete and perhaps immoral for this to be the case. Humans maintain inte stay puts in mountain-climbing and skiing, in seeing the world and sampling different cultures. Cows worry lush pasture and shelter from harsh weather.Hence to deny humans the salutary to travel from outside Devon would be to restrict their rights significantly it would not be a significant restriction for the rights of cows. 8 However, to avoid complications, we shall not pertain ourselves with the epic of equality between animals and humans. despite this, it can as yet be applied in the context of between Just humans. For example, it is impractical or pointless to grant women the right to pro ramble examinations or to equally sh be cricket bats among footballers and cricketers alike. A critique of Singers claim above could be done by using the f ol commencementing simple example.Imagine dickens people, surface-to-air missile and Simon. Sam familial a large e assign, and is very wealthinessy, despite a want of talent, determination or ambition. Alternatively, Simon despite being talented and compulsive received a poor quality of education and comes from a low income family. Although Singer has debunked the assembly line that equality means the equal allocation of resources, to many a(prenominal) this would still seem unfair. However, Singer offers a counter proposal where the neural impulse of his argument is equal servant. This is a broadly abstract term unless can be applied to many contemporary and relevant examples.For example, laws regarding motherhood and paternity leave or resolving conflict between settlers to an area and to indigenous people. Most significantly, Singers example could be applied in the context of macro sparings, in that whilst equality is not honeymoon with social mobility and meritocracy, it can flow in close conjunction with the devil. enjoin of Nature Before examining the compatibility of the dickens in a society, it seems prudent to examine whether the two can be compatible without a society, in a State of Nature and alike to many as a dyspepsia.A state of nature is a supposed impression experiment designed to investigate what a pre- social life would be like for people. In his Leviathan, Thomas Hobbes posited the claim that, a free man is he that in those things which by his strength and wit he is able to do is not hindered to do what e hath the get out to do9, alluding to liberty in its negative sense. He argued, that in the state of nature, liberty did not exist, because actions were hindered by fear of death and fear of the power of others. Despite saw that freedom can only truly exist under a sovereign, Hobbes alludes to liberty in the negative sense.Indeed, others pay interpreted his playacts for people However, people are free in that they interp retation of his own work seems desperately counter intuitive. However, Hobbes has only discussed how we are not free in the negative sense. However, this may not be the case for positive freedom. We are free to maximize our potential. There is no State or government military action to restrict us in any way possible. Hobbes also comments that men are by nature equal in their powers, as even the weakest has strength enough to kill the strongest, either by secret machination, or by confederacy with others, that are in the homogeneous danger as himself. 10 One can in that locationfore conclude that humans are free and equal in a State of Nature, an abstract thought experiment. However, this is neither desirable nor permanent. It is a poor quality of freedom and equality in that the standard. In a State of Nature being free and equal means that we are free and equal to be violent against each(prenominal) other and live the solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short life1 1 that Hobb es so described.Bringing abstract scheme into reality We can establish that these two arguments so that liberty and equality are theoretically possible, however, the incertitude is straightaway is whether these arguments have practical implications. However, what does it mean to be human? Humans are naturally social beings with our own societal friendships, families and relationships. As Hummed pointed out, social reduce theory is an unhelpful fiction, because social organization is natural for us is natural. Indeed, a very clear example would be that we all grow up, reckon values, language and develop knowledge through parenting, and through social interaction and as a result through discipline, leadership and orders. Therefore, a state of nature must be fiction. Furthermore, equality is referred to as equal experimental condition, however in a State of Nature, there is no government accede to equally consider. Therefore, one has to revert to the equal allocation of resour ces, and Hobbes argues that resources are shared equally, in that people have roughly the same tot up of intelligence, muscle and weaponry.However, the equal allocation of resources is some(a)thing this thesis is trying to revert from. A Utopia? There are three branches of ethics, utilitarianism, deontological and virtue. And in all three of them liberty and equality are highly desirable. For example, given that Utilitarianism has its definition coined as the ut intimately amount of happiness for the maximum amount of people13, and one does not need to Justify for the purposes of this essay that liberty and equality are most often highly desirable in society.It would therefore seem prudent to examine a utilitarianism society, and examine whether liberty and equality may be possible. In Aloud Huxley Brave New World, a caste system is depicted with the inhabitants ranked from alpha through to epsilon. 14 Despite height, appearance and Jobs available being dependent on what partiti on one is, each person is conditioned before birth (though that is an inappropriate phrase to use) and each class is perfectly content to remain in their class and does not aspire to be of any other class.Many would repulsed by this state and whilst it seems desperately counter-intuitive, both freedom and equality can be obtained. Indeed, some would consider the caste system to be not far short of slavery, omitting clearly not very equal. However, equality as equal consideration is allowed for, each individual conditioned with their happiness being viewed in the same equal extent that they are positively free and are able to maximize their potential in their designated class. 15 It seems then that in this example, liberty and equality are compatible.Whilst this fictitious society leaves a lot to be desired, it may be reusable to have a look at how this society was reached and see if this can be paralleled in reality. The logical finishing of capitalism There may be faults with the feasibility of a utopia as well. Huxley assumes that Brave New World is the logical end of capitalism. All activity is aimed at continued consumption, for example the slogan of ending is better than neutering16. All obstacles to consumption are removed. Mass production, God and individualism are institutionalized. In order to maintain this freedom, the means of production must be controlled.Utopia translates from Greek meaning no place. 17 Essentially, it means that it does not exist. While there are really parallels with society, this is not how capitalism will end, and this is for four interlinked reasons. Firstly, the notion of illogical mass production of humans is deeply concerning and a vital premise to the Huxley argument. One can quite evenhandedly assert the claim that this will never happen. blink of an eyely, there is a lack of relationships, in the book the notion of family and line is treated with shock and disdain, and as a result society is equal for the reas ons given above.However, the notion of family and parenthood does exist, and this can have drastic consequences for the logical conclusion of capitalism. With nepotism and the accumulation of capital there is a case that there is a shift to genetic capitalism. However, this will be discussed in more detail later. But most importantly, the logical conclusion to capitalism does not take into consideration how human beings are not always rational. Long before the term behavioral economics was coined, Huxley assumed that Homo Economics18 would prevail. However, people do not always make decisions that maximize their welfare.A very simple argument will show this point to be correct this is known as the Gamblers Fallacy. 19 When at a roulette table, people will often assume that if at a table, the roulette wheel has shown to be the wring red the previous six times, then it is more likely to e on the seventh spin. However, a simple math experiment with a roulette wheel or a computer wil l show this to be incorrect, and statistical theory on independence provides the reasoning behind this. Even it were rational to Join this kind of society, the likelihood of this happening is not secure.A Thought Experiment With the exception of a conclusion, the rest of this thesis, will analyses and approximate reasons why freedom and equality may not be practical in society today. A fully free state shall be assumed, and the drumhead will be posed asking if equality can be produced as a by- product alongside. Finally, the thesis will question the aforementioned assumption in two different ways. The Assumption of a Fully Free State To many this seems like capitalism. However, capitalism is far too broad and can name suggests implies that the state is involved and does not prohibit freedom.Laissez-fairer capitalism might be more prudent as a result. We shall now assume that a fully free state only when be one set(p) by market forces, determined by supply and demand in order for me to be positively free and maximize citizens potential. The First campaign How Liberty Upsets Patterns This heading is not original, it is on page 160 of Robert Nicks book Anarchy State ND Utopia, the heading alludes to an often quoted example of a successful basketball called histrion Wilt Chamberlain, which is pertinent. In this world, everyone earns exactly the same salary and money is distributed evenly.At each home game, he receives 25 cents from every person playing the game. To the customers, this seems just he is very good at basketball. If one million realise him play during the season, Chamberlain has $250,000. He has more money than someone else. 20 let us extend the analogy further so that everyone else earns a sum of $25,000 a year. It seems that although Chamberlain may have more money than everyone else it is not a problem, because this equality can include a meritocracy and equality is defined as equal consideration.This might seem Justified because of frin gy productivity theory some would say that Chamberlain works harder and is more productive so he should receive more money than anyone else. However, there are two issues with this theory. The graduation is that the facts do not support it. As the recession went on bankers such as Fred Goodwin continued to receive bonuses, despite bringing banks to their knees. Even though they were worse than useless, hey were still receiving money despite having a negative borderline productivity theory.Despite The Royal Bank of Scotland (RUBS) going bankrupt, Fred Goodwin receives a IEEE,OHO pension from RUBS. 21 Secondly, despite Wilt Chamberlain earning ten times more than everyone else is it true that he works ten times harder in order to achieve his wealth? The answer is most likely no. In essence there is a sense of disproportion to the extent of the meritocracy. There is a clear for line of business cost no one was forced to watch him play basketball. They could have spent their money on everything as mundane from tea bags to headphones.This presents some issues, he now has far more money than anyone else does, and this to many seems poor. In the I-J, the staggering sums of money that footballers earn is a proponent in an argument for variation- how can It be fair that Wayne Rooney earns more in one workweek than the average person earns in 10 years? But this is unequal. The Second Reason Rent Seeking Economies It is necessary to delineate between two different types of economy, wealth generating and rent quest.Wealth generating refers to ways of earning money whilst increasing the t equalgs of the economy at the same time. A quintessential example would be innovation such as Tyson vacuum cleaners. Rent seeking is defined as when a company, organization or individual uses their resources to obtain an economic gain from others without reciprocating any of the benefits back into society through wealth creation. 22 Here, a useful example would be through a usefu lly entitled The Locust and the Bee. 23 Here, the locust is analogous to the rent seeking economy and the bee the wealth generating economy.The economist Joseph Zeitgeist has argued that rent-seeking is a large contributor to income inequality in the United States through lobbying for government policies hat let the soaked and powerful get income, not as a reward for creating wealth, but by grabbing a larger share of the wealth that would otherwise have been produced without their effort. As Paul Grumman points out, most of the richest 1% in the world are generally not the innovators such as Bill Gates or Mark Suckering, but generally those with a much lower marginal productivity, such as Fred Goodwin or C.Douglas McMillan. Furthermore, despite these low marginal productivities, their income, (in the States at least) has increased as seen in the graph below. The Third Reason The Fall of The American Dream? As Josef Zeitgeist points out, Paul Ryan made a speech saying that despite the US Gin coefficient rising, what is really the most significant is equality of prospect. 24 The question, is can there be equality of opportunity. It is true that the Rags to Riches story as examples well documented crosswise the world with everyone from Will. . Am to Opera Winfred, but as Zeitgeist asserts, the reason they are so well documented is because they are so rare. Given that, the question is do we always have to have an inequality of opportunity, and the answer to that is yes. The eldest premise that all else rests on is that equality of opportunity must rest on not only a good but equal education. Given that equal opportunity largely manifests itself in a meritocracy. The sanction premise of the argument is that having an equal education is unattainable.Even if private schools were completely abolished, if money was spent on students exactly proportional to their needs and the best teachers were distributed roughly the country exactly proportional to where they sh ould be then equality of opportunity may not work for one key reason topsy-turvyness theory. The tiniest of changes in an education can lead to drastic consequences, for example, a certain book could be pivotal in attending a place at a prestigious university. Moreover, despite a standardized education, differences in education at home are beyond the states control.The First look back Of The Assumption However, Zeitgeist says, Markets dont exist in a vacuum25. Indeed, they must be shaped, mainly through the laws of that country. In the USA in the government gave holders of derivatives precession over bankruptcy. This was seen in its bail out of insurer Alga to the tune of $1 ban. This creates a heads I win, tails you lose situation. The first reason why laissez-fairer capitalism does not work is because the way that the market exists is though legislature which undermines what laissez-fairer capitalism sets out to achieve.The Second Critique of the Assumption- The Growth of det onator in the 21st Century The idea that inherited wealth will always grow faster than earned wealth is the main gallery of Thomas Pickets book Capital in the 21st Century. Pickett argues that as captures in the expression r g, where r is the rate of return to wealth and g is the economic crop rate. Other things being equal, faster economic harvest-time will monish the importance of wealth in a society, whereas long-play growth will increase it. However, there are no natural forces pushing against the steady concentration of wealth.Only a burst of rapid growth (from technological progress or rising population) or government incumbrance can be counted on to keep economies from returning to the patrimonial capitalism. Furthermore, demographics can influence this point. Writes Pickett, Consider a world in which each couple has ten children, it is better as a general rule to not count on too much on inherited wealth, because the Emily wealth will divide by ten with each sensitive generation. In such a society the people will have wealth diminished by 10 each generation. 26 Therefore, given that fertility rates are falling all over the world, this means that wealth will be more concentrated in the future. unheeding of the graph below, some people having more money than others can still be equal, and feel that Pickett makes a generalization as a result. However, he argues that people having more money often leads to a fall in social mobility and as a result, increased inequality of opportunity. There is now a event to patrimonial capitalism which is known more informally as crony capitalism.Given how equality is defined as equal consideration and social mobility is key, he argues that not only do some people have more money than others but social mobility is at an all time low. 27 Conclusion It seems that practically, in some form of Utopia akin to A Brave New World or in a State of Nature, the two may both be possible. However, in feasible ideologies, the re are impossible. This is because how in a free society, issues. However, the link between equality being defined as equal consideration and equality as the equal allocation of resources is tenuous.The argument of chaos theory may be weak, as people may still be free in that they can maximize their positive liberty in that they can still maximize their potential. Chaos theory only affects the extent to which potential can be reached not the other way around. In order for this thesis to be stronger, the link between the two warrants further exploration. perchance an exploration of Aristotle opinion on equality might be useful to unpick what equality means, as it depends how we look at equality. Justice is equality, but only for equals, ND Justice is inequality, but only for those who are unequal28.This needs further exploration. It seems that practically, in some form of Utopia akin to A Brave New World or in a State of Nature, the two may both be possible. However, in feasible id eologies, these are unlikely. This is because how in a free society, issues. However, the arguments mainly take the form of an inductive argument as shown below. 1. This example (from Nonionic) shows that under a certain societal ideology the two are incompatible, 2. This example (from Pickett) shows the same 3. Therefore, the two are incompatible This is akin to Black Swan Theory, identified by Massif Tale.If one sees a series of the case. Critically, its implications are that no one argument, shows the two to be inversely proportional to each other for example, as you have more freedom, you get less equality. Whilst the arguments themselves do not prove that as the two are incompatible, they very much support the arguments. Perhaps further conversation is needed to prove through a deductive argument that the two are incompatible. Although the simple fact that social mobility is falling, especially as countries become ore and more privatized, implies that the two cannot work t ogether.However, there is a dim electron beam of hope, as many of the arguments offer suggestions to solutions to solve these problems. Pickett himself proposes a progressive income assess of up to 80% and a global wealth tax of 2%. Furthermore, a 100% inheritance tax is something that others have suggested. 29 On the other hand, these suggestions are highly controversial and are unlikely to be enforced. Whilst, the two are compatible theoretically, on the current trajectory of society, it seems staggeringly unlikely that liberty will occur in society in the future.

Described by Dickens Essay

The extended allegory at the end of the first chapter depicts the children as vessels or jars, to be make full to the top with facts until they are full. The metaphor portrays the children as inanimate objects, which shows the endorser the dignity of Gradgrind Vessels then and there arranged in order ready to deem imperial gallons of facts poured into them until they were full to the brim. Dickens describes them as if they are empty and turn in nonhing. Therefore they have to learn facts whether they like it or not.The short sentences and repeating in the sentences of the opening of the second chapter aids the description of Gradgrind as it shows the endorser there is no manipulating this man and what you forgather is what you get. He will never change his mind. The extended metaphor, a kind of cannona focussing shows the reader Gradgrinds idea of how children should be properly educated. He believes that imaginations are to be stormed away and children should ma ture through facts. He is described like a cannon loaded to the muzzle with facts this shows the harshness of his cite and the machine-like qualities he holds. poove Jupe is described by Dickens as dark-eyed and dark-haired her skin is convert as pantywaist has grown up with the circus she has an interesting orbit and a creative imagination she is not just filled with facts. The distort of her eyes and hair reflects her traveller background. Whereas, Bitzer is described by Dickens as light-eyed and light-haired. His skin seems to be white, in contrast to faggots tanned complexion. This description shows the harshness of the Victorian information system, on his appearance. The earshot has no sympathy for the coldness of his character even though he is seen as a model pupil from a model school by Gradgrind, who has forced out any imagination Bitzer had and filled him with facts. His description of a horse compared to Sissys attempt shows the reader the machine-like almost robo tic dash in which he is able to reel off factsQuadruped. Graminivorous. His character is the black eye of Sissy. Gradgrind refers to her as a number, yet to Bitzer by name, as Sissy has exclusively been at the school for a short time, but is referred to as lady friend number twenty as she is new to the school her education is not as Gradgrind would like it to be, this in turn alienates her. During the fifth chapter, we meet the characters Sissy and Bitzer again as their chase come to a halt when they better into Gradgrind. After explaining why she was transmitning, Gradgrind comments, as he cannot understand why Sissy should be run afterRun after? repeated Mr Gradgrind. Who would run after you? Gradgrind does not know Sissy, and sees her as an outcast. He does not see why she should be run after, and cannot understand why someone would involve her. His question is answered when Bitzer enters in the next paragraph. He is described as the colorless boy. This creates lack of empathy in the reader towards Bitzer and how he has been manipulated by Gradgrind and the school. As Bitzer is running after Sissy, although described as without fancy (colourless), he tranquillize is a child as he was pulling faces to scare Sissy.in one case escorted by Sissy to her home, we see Sissys fears of Gradgrind through the way she talks to him. She also seems embarrassed by the state of her home This is it, sir, and if you wouldnt mind, sir this is the house. Sissys politeness to Gradgrind, as well as masking a well-mannered child also show how nervous she is rough him, and the fear she has of him. Sissy is frightened of Gradgrind as she sees that as she is from a silly keepstyle, because of the shabbiness of her home, she will not be allowed to continue her studies, as those with a proper education will do better in the future. The audience reads with Sissy because of this.In conclusion, Gradgrind has a stern manner and is very unequivocal of hi s pupils and his children because he is a very hard character he is a man of realities. Bitzer is a machine-like character his white face reflects the coldness of his life with only facts in it. This contrasts to Sissys character, which is imaginative, because she lacks the proper formal education Bitzer has received. Hard Times is based on, and shows, Dickenss view of rejection, to the inure determination of Victorian greed. The audience realizes with Sissy the most as her character seems to be lost and the most fragile. The audience do not empathise with Gradgrind because of his stern and cold nature, which, as Bitzer becomes a model student, causes the audience to empathise with neither of the two characters.

Productivity Measurement at National, International and Firm Level

Productivity Measurement at International, National and organization level. PRODUCTIVITY MEASUREMENT Productivity bar is the quantification of both the output and input resources of a productive system. The goal of productiveness measurement is productiveness improvement, which involves a combination of increased effectiveness and a punter use of available resources. While productiveness can be given the sort of short hand definition as the ratio between output and input USE OF PRODUCTIVITY MEASURES Productivity is a ask ray in evaluating and monitoring the performance of an organization, especially a backing organization.When directed at specific issues and problems, productiveness measures can be very(prenominal) powerful. In essence, productivity measures are the yardsticks of effective resource use. Managers are have-to doe with with productivity as it relates to making improvements in their regular. Proper use of productivity measures can give the manager an indication of how to improve productivity both increase the numerator of the measure, decrease the denominator, or both. Managers are also concerned with how productivity measures relate to competitiveness.If two firms have the same level of output, but champion requires less input this is due to a higher level of productivity, that firm will be able to charge a lower pecuniary value and increase its market share or charge the same expenditure as the competitor and enjoy a larger profit margin. at heart a time period, productivity measures can be used to canvas the firms performance against industry-wide selective information, compare its performance with similar firms and competitors, compare performance among various departments within the firm, or compare the performance of the firm or respective(prenominal) departments within the firm with the measures obtained at an earlier time.Productivity measures can also be used to evaluate the performance of an entire industry or the producti vity of a country as a whole. These are aggregate measures located by combining productivity measures of various companies, industries, or segments of the economy. NATIONAL take MEASUREMENT Since productivity is one of the basic variables governing economic output activity some mention of national productivity concerns would be appropriate. As a matter of fact, productivity may be the most valuable variable governing economic production activity.It is the fundamental controllable instrument in wealth production. Since other(a) economic variables depend on it, increase productivity tends to have a beneficial multiplying effect on other economic variables. Improving productivity is of national importance because, for a smart set to increase its standard of living, it must first increase productivity. Overall productivity for individual countries is calculated by dividing output, as measured by gross domestic product or GNP, by the countrys total population.Thus, productivity is measured as the horse value per capita outputs. An increase in this measure of productivity means that for each one person in the country, on average, produced more goods and services. Also if productivity increases, past profits increase. The resulting profits can then be used to overcompensate for wage increases (inherent in inflation) without having to raise prices. In this way, productivity gains actually support curb inflation. It has been estimated that technology was responsible for at least half of the offset in productivity.It would appear, then, that if the country wants to continue to increase productivity, technology may be the key. ORGANIZATION LEVEL PRODUCTIVITY MEASUREMENT For an individual firm or industry, measures of gross output, combined with labour, capital and intermediate inputs, correspond directly to a specific model of a production function with neutral or output-augmenting technical change. When multifactor productivityMFP measures are based on such a gross-output concept, MFP appendage approximates the rate of neutral, disembodied technical change.Alternatively, MFP measures could be based on a value-added concept where value added is considered a firms output and yet primary inputs are taken as a firms input. Value- added based productivity measures reflect an industrys capacity to reach to economy- wide income and final demand. In this sense, they are valid complements to gross-output based measures. At the aggregate level of the economy, gross-output and value-added based measures converge when gross-output measures are defined as sectoral output.Sectoral output is a measure of production corrected for deliveries within a given sector. From this perspective also, gross-output and value-added based measures are complements. A useful schema in the development of productivity measures is to start with aggregate value-added based productivity measures the necessary data tends to be relatively easily available and the sele ct between gross output and value added makes less difference than at the detailed industry level.INTERNATIONAL LEVEL PRODUCTIVITY MEASUREMENT NEED Interlinked monetary systems Technology/ service transfer Domestic and regional competitions Valuable tool for evaluation Problems of Productivity Measurements at International Level In vary rate measurements (often prices of similar goods not compared). All industrial level data not available. Social, Political, cultural factors not included. Data for developing countries is lacking.

The Operations Of Standard Chartered Bank Commerce Essay

unshakable leased bank is a British bank headquartered in London with operations in more than 70 utters. It operates a weathervane of over 1,700 subdivisions and mercantile establishments ( including subordinates, associates and joint ventures ) and employs 73,000 people.Despite its British base, it has a few(prenominal) clients in the United Kingdom and 90 % of its net in amazes come from Asia, Africa, and the midway East. It aims to preparation a safe regulative span between these exploitation economic systems. monetary stock leased has a history of over one hundred fifty old ages in banking and operates in many of the universe s fastest-growing commercialises with an blanket(a) thinketary web of over 1,700 subdivisions ( including subordinates, associates and joint ventures ) in over 70 states in the Asia Pacific Region, South Asia, the Middle East, Africa, the United Kingdom and the Americas. As one of the universe s close to inter content jargonss, stock(a) lease employs slightly 73,000 people, stand foring over 125 nationalities, worldwide. This diverseness lies at the warmheartedness of the argot s values and supports the Bank s growing as the universe progressively becomes one market.The ultimate success of any organization depends on its Human resource. This purpose makes Human resource a challenging and sarcastic component for directors to command. Torrington and Hall ( 1987 ) define benevolent resource vigilance as being a series of activities which fore about enable on the job(p) people and their employing administrations to charter about the aims and nature of their working relationship and, secondly, ensures that the agreement is fulfilled .The Human resource of an organisation is non merely a critical plus today but has become an of import beginning of free-enterprise(a) advantage in the labor.Human Resource section at measuring undertake bank has 3 operation building blocks 1 ) . Compensation and Benefits 2 ) .Recruiting and resourcing and 3 ) Training and Development. Recruitment/Resourcing unit of HR incision attracts campaigners to report application with the HR Department via some(prenominal) agencies. Training and Development unit performs s invariablyal maps that atomic number 18 penchant after the employees energise been selected, the segmentation makes the employee well-known(prenominal) with the telephoner history, policies, regulations and ordinances, the working topographic demo and the colleagues, supervisors and sub-ordinates and developing refers to the acquisition of light, progress toments, and competences as a consequence of the instruction of practical accomplishments and cognition that relate to ad hoc utile competences. Compensation and Benefits section performs the map of finding the compensation bundles for its employees, which include, position Compensation includes the basic rewards and wages of employees and some other direct hard coin induce ments corresponding fillips, increases, stock ownership and Motivation which is the activation or energization of goal-oriented behaviour. Harmonizing to respective(a) theories, motive whitethorn be rooted in the basic direct to minimise physical hurting and maximise pleasance.Chapter 2Information Gathering2.1 Source of tuition in that location argon two major attacks to garnering information about a state of affairs, individual, job or phenomenon. Based upon these wide attacks to information assemblage, informations be reason asa? Primary informations.a? Secondary informationIn this examine, both primary and secondary beginnings drive home been employ. Primary beginnings ar question and observation.Primary sources-Face to confront interview and observation techniques have been followed to drop up informations. A questionnaire has been used to roll up informations.Secondary beginnings such(prenominal) as Text booksThesiss rude(a)spapers and DiariesInternet ( online infor mation )Own notes and experiencesAcademic ply and other departmental resourcesThe work of friends and other pupilsIn add-on on that point be besides a big figure of other beginnings including studies, industry study.2.2 Information assemblage techniquesAnalyze Organization one-year fiscal studyThis would give a just apprehension of how the section maps and place nitty-gritty countries. Annual study is an reliable beginning of information.Document ReviewBruce C. ( 1992 ) identifies several phases for papers reappraisal. Phases are job analysis, place escape countries, architectural plan persist articles, follow hunt method to forthcoming tools, keep back out hunt and eventually reexamine. After placing job, books, diaries and cyberspace are used to acquire relate papers. Search has been done by utilizing cardinal tool such as nucleus job, books name and back uping farmings.LiteratureLiterature provided by association about future planning, roll uping new equipment, sellin g scheme and centering policy.2.3 Reason of usage of such beginning of informationNone of the methods of informations compendium provides 100 per cent accurate and dependable information. The quality of the information pull to steriliseher is dependent upon a figure of other computes, which are described underBooks I ) There is a big sum of text to immortalizetwo ) a assortment of different sorts of related information in one topographic pointInternet sites- I ) recent statistics are availabletwo ) images related to topic A besides availableDatabase I ) online information can be reliableA A A A A A A A A A A A A A Atwo ) quality information centered around a peculiar focal pointDiaries i ) recent information written by experts in a arenatwo ) studies on research done by professionals AReports I ) have some thought about jobIn represent of choosing information, following factors are consideredInformation qualityReliable informationCredibility, Accuracy, Reasonableness, Suppo rtChapter 3Discussion3.1 RECRUITINGRecruitment is the functioning of pulling, showing, and choosing qualified people for a work at an organisation or house. regulation undertake Bank follow difference policy between external enlisting and internal enlisting. Resourcing refers to internal enlisting the hackneyed Chartered that is, they try to enroll campaigners for vacant line of descents from within the organisation, and Recruitment refers to external enlisting, which may include fresh alumnuss or people working in other houses.The Recruiting ProcedureThe recruiting procedure at sample Chartered Bank is conducted in an efficient mode. Enrolling procedure can be summarized as- style of business sector nothingness mull over Description forwarded by sectionsDetermination of Grade and DesignationJob PostingApplication received HR Department1 ) Designation of Job Vacancy If an employee leaves the house due to any ground, which may be surrender to travel to another house, or an y other ground such as, retirement, expiration or decease, a vacancy is formed at the several section of the bank. The section carefully analyses and identifies this vacancy and the blood line exposition is forwarded to the HR section.2 ) Job Description forwarded by Department- The section in which the vacancy is created, sends a complete Job Analysis Information to the HR specializers so that they can analyze the occupation right and expeditiously. Aims HR section consider when they create occupation exposition as followsa? To accomplish more effectual and efficient usage of employees / human resources.a? To infract recruit employees who possess the necessary accomplishments and competencies.a? To accomplish a higher(prenominal) rate of satisfied and better developed employee.a? To ease zeal and development syllabuss3 ) Determination of class and appellation When several sections have identified the vacancy and the occupation description has been sent to HR Department, the HR Department decides on the class and appellation of the vacancy. At this phase, HR section besides determines Personal specification of campaigners.4 ) Job posting line of work advertizement has been posted in ain web site, other enrolling bureaus web sites and newspaper.5 ) Application received by HR Department- After the occupation has been posted the campaigners who are interested send their application to HR Department via mail or postage.Aim of recruitment procedureThe committal of precedent Chartered finds recruitment good because,a? It brings fresh endowment and cognition into the banka? It helps get the better ofing the job of employee obsolescence.Table 1 Recruitement procedureJOB ANALYSISJOB DESCRIPTIONPERSON SPECIFICATIONTroubles in recruitingCompetences of bing employees must be identified, delimit and assessed to find future competency hires.Invalid forecasters of future man intromissionCapriciousness of the future external labor market must be considered in relation to changing and updating occupation description demands.3.2TRAINING AND ontogenesisThe unit of Training and Development performs several of import maps for the bank like preference and the general Training and Development.Orientation ProcedureThe procedure of orientation is conducted at Standard Chartered Bank as follows-1 ) requirement finding for orientation programme2 ) Design of orientation programme3 ) Exe proveion of orientation programme4 ) Analysis of orientation programmeTrainingBefore get slewing developing plan employees are asked to do Personal Development Profile ( PDP is one of the most of import employee paperss at Standard Chartered Bank. Standard Chartered Bank provides two types of training-1 ) In house training- The In-house preparation is preferred at Standard Chartered as it is cost-efficient. Major Training Methods Used Standard Chartered chiefly uses the undermentioned preparation and development methods areOn the occupation preparationThe preparat ion or development takes topographic point in the workplace itself. Common methods used in On the occupation training-CoachingIt is the most popular method to develop the new employees in bank. In this method of developing the supervisor of the new employee supervises the new traineeJob RotationIt is the 2nd method in which the tutelage rotates the new employee through different occupations so that he can understand the basic accomplishments postulate to execute his occupation in futureInformal acquisitionLecturesfigurer based preparationOff the occupation preparationThis means that employees volition go to classs outside of the workplace normally in either a specializer larning Centre.2 ) Outdoors training- If the trainees direct developing in a specific proficient accomplishment, which the bank can non supply economically, it sends the employee to establish where they get the requited preparation. This preparation programme may be conducted in London, Dubai, or anyplace else where Standard Chartered Bank exists. In that type of preparation, the Standard Chartered employees all over the universe have a opportunity to comport into each other.3.3 MotivationMotivationA isA allA effortsA madeA byA managementA toA getA employees A toA voluntarily giveA theirA best. ItA mustA beA notedA thatA motivationA comesA fromA withinA theA employeesA himself, butA managementA mustA tryA toA developA andA encourageA thisA motive. Abraham Maslow s motivational theory stated that that motive comes from run intoing employees unsatisfied demands.Below Maslows power structure of demands shows how he ranks each demand, which must be achieved from the underside to the top.Self realisationSelf esteemSocial demandsSafety and securityPhysiological demands at one time a lower order demand is satisfied employees will go motivated by the chance of deriving the following higher degree.From direction point of position Maslows theory isEmployees need to be paid an tinge sum so they c an be provided with their physiological and safety demands.Employees need societal contact and friendly relationships with their co-workers.Employees gain esteem when chances of publicity are offeredSelf-actualisation. Giving employees the opportunity to go whatever they wanted e.g. foreman of the company they work for.Standard Chartered Bank follow the Maslow theory in actuating emplotees. For this why, this bank offer Employee Welfare and Benefits ( EWB ) which are mentioned below-1. Employee Sharesave Scheme.2. Labor insurance, national wellness insurance and group insurance.3. Periodic wellness scrutiny.4. Subsidy for nuptials, funeral, maternity leave, travel, dependent instruction and societal nine events. Particular hard bills allowances distributed on three major festivals.5. Offer employees ( retired persons ) the option of reassigning their pension entrepot to Staff Time Savings Deposit Account for entitlement of a preferential conflict rate.6. Discriminatory involvem ent rate for staff sedimentations.7. Discriminatory involvement rate for staff loans.8. Particular offers for fiscal minutess discriminatory dealing fees, fussy exchange rate and inter-bank transportation fees.9. Particular recognition card offers ( issued by the Bank ) no one-year fee, double reward points.Performance solicitudeStandard Chartered Bank maintains Performance counseling System which is analysed and feedback is given up to employees so that they will be motivated to work more efficaciously.By transporting out public presentation judgements on employees on a regular basis, any jobs can be identified and dealt with through preparation plans.The benefits of public presentation appraisalIt helps to place preparation demandsIt may uncover other jobs there may be troubles with other staffBrands good communicating between employees and directorsGood assessments can be actuatingIf dismissals need to be made so public presentation assessment records will be available to confer with.Performance assessments are carried out every sixsome months. An appraisal interview gives the opportunity for employees to be rewarded and told that they are making a good occupation. It is a good expressive style of actuating employees because at their assessment interview they could acquire a wage rise or publicity.3.4 honourReward precaution is defined as the distribution of fiscal and non pecuniary wagess to employees in an attempt to aline the involvements of the employees, the organisation and its stockholders. Compensation and Benefits section of Standard Chartered Bank trades with ceremony system for employees.Compensation directionStandard Chartered gives high importance to compensation bundles because this is the most important factor for hold ining cardinal employees. Every twelvemonth it gives fillip to its employees. The sum of fillip depends on the sum of net income Standard Chartered World makes.Stock Ownerships are given as a Performance Bonuses to employees.As the bank follows Management by Objectives ( MBO ) , specific aims are set at the beginning of the twelvemonth. Management are repaired that the employee put in adequate attempt to be the award. Sale marks are a good illustration, if the employee meets the directors demands they get a fillip ( Armstrong &038 A Murlis 2004 ) .4 ) Comparing compensation and benefits Standard Chartered tries to keep equity in its compensation bundlesChapter 4DecisionHuman resource direction demand to scan the universe environment and place emerging tendencies that will contact the organisation and the direction of people in this. To make this, direction ever evaluate design of Organization, analyze the work processes and recommends betterments when necessary. Human Resource direction work with those determinations and actions which concern the direction of employees at all degrees in the concern and which are related to the execution of schemes directed towards making and prolonging competitory advantag ( musical composition Miller, 1987 ) .The HR individual contributes to the development of and the achievement of the organization-wide concern program and aims. The human resources aims are established to back up the attainment of the overall strategical concern program and aims.In instance of recruiting, choice, preparation, motive and honoring Standard Chartered Bank follow the techniques which guarantee they are suited for its employees. Standard Chartered maintain both internal and external beginning for enlisting. New employees are trained in-house preparation system, where more than one propensity manner is adopted. Every acquisition manner is different, if it is the 1 of the pragmatist, reflector, militant or theoretician. ( lamb and Mumford, 1995 ) . Base on all sorts of feedbacks, Human resource professionals help persons program and progress their callings, which keep employees more gratifying at their work and cut down the employee turnover rate.To actuate employees, public presentation assessment techniques are adopted with upwardly feedbacks. There are some drawbacks related to upward feedback. Subordinates could hold a bound vision and apprehension of their directors function which may ensue in an wrong feedback. Besides, the cost of mediator who is in manoeuver of piecing and administrating the system might be another job. There is several honoring system which are the based on one-year net income and in the flesh(predicate) public presentations.In decision, cipher likes to have negative remark so directors should place failing of their subsidiaries and suggest proper preparation to cut down the chance of unfavourable feedback and employees turnover every bit good.RecommendationBased on the survey, several recommendations have been made. These includeIn order to successfully carry on the public presentation measuring procedure, Standard Chartered Bank should explicate effectual internal and external communicating mec hanism.Compensation wagess and excuse should be linked to public presentation measurings. Performance rating should be absolute and non negative.HR should seek to bridge a spread between junior and senior officers so that a junior officer should come out even with his personal job. This behavior and relation among senior and junior officer act as a strong motive factor. For this use they should set up monthly or half annual meetings to address the personal and organisational jobs.Employees should be given work of their ain pick in the bank.The system and processs needed to be up dated and aligned to the market needs and concentrate on easing the clients for accomplishing sustainable competitory advantage.They should care for the difficult working employees. Further more they should besides supply loan installations to every employeeThey should fix the responsibility list of every employee and should take positive stairss to cut down dissatisfaction among employees.REFFERANCEBr uce, C. ( 1992 ) Developing pupils library research accomplishments. HERDSA Green betoken No. 13. HERDSA, Campbelltown, NSW, AustraliaHerzberg et Al ( 1993 ) Motivation to Work. 2nd edn, New York WileyHoney, P. &038 A Mumford, A. , 1992, The manual of arms of Learning Styles, P. Honey, Maidenhead, Berkshire, UKMiller, W. ( 1987 ) , Strategic Industrial Relations and Human Resource Management, journal of Management Studies, July, pp347-361Roger, A. ( 1983 ) Using Interviews in force-out Selection .Recruitment Handbook, 3rd edn. Aldershot Gower, 161-77Torrington, D. , Hall, L. ( 1987 ) , Personnel Management A New Approach, Prentice-Hall, LondonWeb siteswww.standardchartered.comwww.wikipedia.com/enAPPENDICSAppendix 1 Standard Chartered at a glimpseThe criterion chartered throng was formed in 1969 through a amalgamation of two Bankss The standard bank of British South Africa founded in 1863 and the hired bank of India, Australia and China, founded in 1853. It operates a web of o ver 1,700 subdivisions and mercantile establishments ( including subordinates, associates and joint ventures ) and employs 73,000 people.Standard chartered is listed on the London Stock Exchange and the Hong Kong Stock Exchange and is a component of the FTSE 100 Index. Its largest stockholder is Temasek Holdings.Organizational school of thought, purpose toAttract, develop and retain endowmentMake a strengths-based administrationKeep a diverse and inclusive workplaceDrive public presentation through change magnitude battleAppendix 2 hesitancynaireQuestionnaire for face to confront interviewStandard Chartered BankNameaaaaaaaaaaaa .Job Titleaaaaaaaaaa A. Question about enlisting process1. What is your mission statement or doctrine?aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa2. What are the aims and ends of the company?aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa4. What are the cardinal activi ties of HRM section?aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa5. What is the Recruiting method ( s ) used?InternalExternalOther ( enjoy stipulate ) aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa6. What are the stairss the company follow in enlisting?aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa7. What plans do you hold in topographic point to guarantee that the best or most suited applier is chosen?aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa8. How are occupation posters done?NewspapersTelevisionInternetCompany web sitesCombination ( please Specify ) aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa .Other ( Please Specify ) aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa .9. Are occupation posters developed from a current place description or recent occupation analysis?aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa10. Make current place descriptions or occupation analyses identify the inh ering cognition, accomplishments, abilities, instruction, and experience needed to execute the occupation?aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa11. What are the choice method used by the bank?aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa12. wherefore do you utilize more than one choice method?aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaB. Questions about preparation13. What types of preparation do you supply for new employees?aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa .14. What are the methods used in preparation?aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa15. Make you set up alfresco preparation? If yes, Pleas specify grounds behind it?aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa..C. Questions about Motivation16. How long have you been employed in the company?aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaaa17. How do you experience out about the occupation?aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa..18. Make you believe that you are being adequately even out?aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa19. What types of benefits company offers for employees?aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa20. Make you transport out public presentation assessment method? If yes, delight stipulate ground behind it?aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa..D. Questions about honoring21.Are the bank rewarded employees for a good occupation?aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa .22. What are the policies about honoring?aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa .23.Please reference types of compensation system of this bank?aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa aaaaa

Report on Barista

A Re manner on &8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212- BARISTA CAFE UNDER THE SUBJECT CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR (CB) fain by Vivek Jethva 10MBA032 Jitendra Patel 10MBA064 Hardik Khara 10MBA039 Arvind Prajapati 10MBA081 Sarman Goraniya 10MBA025 Sandip Kanani 10MBA036 Kapil Prajapati 10MBA083 Nilay K reachalkar 10MBA037 MBA 2010-12, Semester iii Submitted to (Dr. Govind Dave) INDUKAKA IPCOWALA INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT (I2IM) CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (CHARUSAT) tabular array of ContentSr. No. Particulars Page no. 1 nearly(predicate) the chocolate bean bean assiduity 3 2 issue of the chocolate perseverance in India 5 3 Present umber labor in india (2010) 6 4 Ab out(a) the espresso 11 5 About the barista 12 6 causal agency analysis 20 7 Learning from the case 21 8 Question & answer 22 9 Bibliography 27 About chocolate Industry It both began nearly 1000 A. D. when Arab traders began to cultivate hot chocolate be ans in with child(p) designtations. They began to boil the beans creating a tipsiness they c anyed qahwa which translates to that which prevents sleep.The drink became simplely popular, and the indispensability for umber beans grew. The brief ageline for the suppuration of hot chocolate, hot chocolatehouses and eitherthing cogitate is accustomed below YEAR Journey Of cocoa Industry 850 First cognize disc o very of java berries. Legend of goat herder Kaldi of Ethiopia, who nonices goats ar friskier aft(prenominal) eating red barriers of a local shrub. Experiments with the berries himself and begins to feel happier. 1100 The scratch deep brown berry trees be cultivated on the Arabian Peninsula. hot chocolate is first roasted and boiled by Arabs fashioning qahwa. 1475 The worlds first cocoa bean tree shop opens in Constantinople. 1554 The first establishment in Constantinople soon bugger offs widely popular, and cardinal much cafes atomic number 18 clear. 1600s deep brown place downs Europe by means of the port of Venice. The first burnt umber house opens in Italy in 1654. 1652 The first chocolate house opens in England. chocolate bean houses were call(a)ed penny universities (a penny is charged for memory entryway and a cup of hot chocolate bean) because a person could visit a cafe to discuss on-line(prenominal) affairs and social issues. 1672 The first Persian hot chocolate bean house opens. 1683 The first chocolate house opens in Vienna. 1688 Edward Lloyds cocoa house opens. It eventually be cuts Lloyds of London, the worlds best-known indemnity confederation. 1695 The first sign of the French Revolution had its roots in Parisian cafes where the hatfuls movement started hiting steam. 1822 The prototype of the first espresso motorcar is created in France. 1980s hot chocolate is now the worlds intimately popular beverage, which leads to a boom in sell and hotel cafes. The Ameri peck retail c afe sensebucks in born. 1990s With the growth of the Internet, cyber cafes be born, providing Internet access and chocolate to users. 2000s With an increased penetration of PCs in homes, cyber cafe handcuffs close, and re-immerge as retail coffee berry cafe custody. The Coffee cafe industry is before long unmatch up to(p) of the coarsegest and fastest growing sectors in business. The industry consists of a mingle of individual cafes, hotel cafes and retail cafe chains. Individual coffee bars The principal(prenominal) bulk of gross is earned by small, individual cafes, run al broadly speaking by families and friends. It is a relatively unorganized sector. There argon millions of such cafes around the world, and they pass on customers with a homely, casual experience.The bulk of these cafes are of importly in Europe, where every(prenominal) brusk town or village has local cafes, where throng gather together for a conversation over coffee, or just to be al ch ampion with their thoughts. These cafes acquit been the birthplace and sanctuary for un give care creative minds, revolutionaries and thinkers of our season. The nigh modern example is the author J. K. Rowling, who has written most of the Harry Potter series of books, sitting at her local cafe. These cafes con o.k. themselves a plane section from retail chain cafes and hotel cafes because they provide customers with a homely, familyic magical spell, which target non be emulated.Hotel cafes Ever since the popularization of coffee, hotels all over the world started possible goion 24-hour coffee shops where visitors to the hotel could walk in for a cup of coffee and some solid nutrient at any measure. These coffeehouses are extremely important, because they provide inter internal visitors to the hotel with a universal drink- coffee. Any customer s realise walk into any study hotel in the world, and enter the coffeehouse, and know what to expect. These cafes are not reall y major(ip) players in the coffee cafe industry, tho rather provide adjuvant run to the hotel industry.Retail coffeehouse Chains The in conclusion, and the most organized sector in the coffee cafe industry, is the retail cafe chain. Off late, these chains subscribe to become extremely popular and are growing at an ever-increasing pace. These retail chains know use with an organized structure of man, material and money. The work on developing a recognized flaw consistent to all their sales results, which customers can easily relate to, wherever they go. They provide customers with a standardised level of service and eccentric at each of their outlets.The vast popularity of these retail chains is shown in the speedy international growth of brands similar Starbucks. Customers can do to any Starbucks across the world and know exactly what to expect. Growth of the Cafe Industry in India Hot beverages confirm always been a part of the tradition of India, especially South Ind ia. Coffee took the first topographic point in South India when the traditional Brahmin classes brought down the beverage from the govern British around the 1930s. During the early yrs the drink was confined unless to traditional rich Brahmin families who served filter coffee in a davra- hair curler.Coffee is no more than confined to the rich Brahmin class now, though the tradition of share filter coffee in the davra- tumbler continues to this day. In pasture to spread the drink, coffee houses emerged at assorted places in the country, which alike served as the oppo send places for lawyers and the educated class to hold discussions ranging from government to cinema. It is besides look atd that umpteen scripts and ideas for films evolved here. One of the oldest coffee houses in South India is the Raayars mess, Chennai, which serves first class filter coffee even today.The mess was established in the 1940s and continues the tradition of coffee alone supplements it with Tiffin excessively. The vintage perspective of the mess attracts huge crowds even today early in the mornings, Coffee however was not the only item on the menu. These places also served food and overbold(prenominal) drinks to their customers. The drink also became famous and as a consequence even five star hotels began cashing in on it. Several hotels all over the country started opening coffee- shops that catered to amply- end customers. This showed the popularization of coffee cafes, to all sections of society.The drink has now become more of a c formerlypt than except a drink itself. The last decade witnesses the growth of numerous coffee pubs in the country. A number of coffee cafe owners tried to change the sample in contrast to the filter coffee. Now, large retail chains like Qwikys, Barista, and Cafe Coffee Day pose heart-to-heart up around the country. The c formerlypt of a cafe today is not exactly about selling coffee, still about developing a national brand. Retail cafes now form a multi- crore industry in the country, and have huge potential for growth locally, and internationally. Present Coffee harvestingion in India (2010) reapingion The governments Coffee Board now pegs MY 2009/10 coffee harvestion at 289,600 lots (4. 83 million bags of 60 kg) wads, which included 94,600 oodles Arabica and 195,600 Robusta, scorn than the Post- skin rash estimate of 306,300 tons, over receivable to adverse endure conditions during bean maturing and harvest stage. Furthermore, rains also reportedly caused some theatrical role problems, particularly in the Arabica variety. Although trade sources initially contested the Coffee Board bod saying that the Board estimate of the crop loss was on the bring low side, now they are in agreement with the Board estimate.Some even believe that overlapion could be marginally naughtyer than the Coffee Board estimate, prone the up-to-the-minute strong export trend. Outlook for the MY 2010/11 crop pres ents a unifyed picture. Although several coffee growing regions have received approximate pre-blossom and back up showers, rainfall has been poor in some move of Coorg and Tamil Nadu. High February/March temperatures could come across Robusta point of intersectionion to some extent, although sedate December 2009 rains left-hand(a) sufficiency soil moisture, which may help oneself insure for the lack of pre-blossom showers.The Coffee Board is expected to release its Post Blossom forecast in late May or early June. Meanwhile, industry sources forecast MY 2010/11 coffee production marginally lower than the MY 2009/10 estimate at around 275,000 tons, which include 175,000 tons of Robusta and 100,000 tons of Arabica. Coffee pests such as white stem borer and berry borer, although not completely eradicated, are under control ascribable to go against agronomic practices. Higher coffee expense realization during the past troika to quartet years has prompted coffee growers to apply more farm inputs and follow crack agronomic practices, actualiseing higher production.Labor costs, which bankers bills for close 65 portion of the coffee cost of cultivation, continue to escalate. With off-farm employment opportunities increasing, coffee planters have started experiencing pau urban centers of skilled labor, which could become a major problem in coming years. Higher p strain realization for coffee is now helping growers to some extent lessen the higher labor cost. The Indian governments National plain Employment Guarantee program and a highly subsidized rice and wheat distri providedion program have further exacerbated the labor shortage in the plantation sector.Although limited mechanization is taking place in some coffee plantations, large-scale mechanization is difficult in India because of left(p) plantings and small sized holdings. Although the coffee planting and bearing area in India has generally shown an upwards trend, mostly receivable to some amplification of coffee cultivation in non-traditional carrys such as Andhra Pradesh and Orissa, coffee production, especially Arabica, has been declining due to diminishing yields (Fig 1a & 1b).Coffee productivity in the non-traditional areas, mostly Arabica coffee, is reported to be much lower than in the traditional belt, which pulls down overall yield. To stomach the white stem borer menace, in that bind note was some uprooting of infected trees and replanting with juvenile stock in the Arabica belt supported by the Coffee Board. These replanted trees are yet to reach bearing stage. According to industry sources, Indias coffee production go forth stabilize at around 300,000 tons once the replanted trees come into expert bearing.A significant share of low smell house servant Robusta coffee and some imported low valued coffee (for re-exports) goes into the production of jiffy/soluble coffee. This segment is almost entirely branded and packaged, and is dominated by multinationals such as Nestle and Unilever, and the Indian conglomerate Tata congregation. In recent years a few otherwise Indian companies have make a foray into this segment with some success. Although instant coffee production capa city is increasing, actual production is estimated to be around 45,000 tons (120,000 tons on green coffee basis).Organic coffee production is miniscule at around 300 tons due to lower yields and the absence of a significant grant over non-organic coffee. Out of 220,000 coffee holdings in the country, 218,000 holdings pass away to small farmers having less than 10 hectares, which account for 70 percent of coffee production. Coffee cultivation is importantly confined to southern states of Karnataka (70%), Kerala (20%) and Tamil Nadu (7%). With a view to hit the roof coffee cultivation, the Coffee Board has been implementing developmental programs for coffee development in the North Eastern Region and Non Traditional areas.During the eleventh Fi ve Year Plan, the Coffee Board had proposed to support a coffee complicateing upon program bespeakn up by the Integrated tribal Development Agency on 24,000 ha in Andhra Pradesh and on 850 ha in the North Eastern Region. Indian Coffee Marketing dust Indian coffee manufacturers have third ways to securities industry their coffee (a) sell now to exporters by dint of an exporting agent, (b) hold it in a curing factory before selling it (c) sell it at willful auctions. Smallholders, who dominate the Indian coffee scenario, mostly sell their parchment coffee (or dry cherry) to exporters through exporting agents.The agent takes the coffee beans to the curing factory, where they are checked for quality which must meet the exporters standards. The second method allows the coffee grower to store the coffee with the curer before selling it in order to speculate on charge movements. Under the third method choose mostly by large producers, coffee is sold at a voluntary auction, org anized by the Indian Coffee heaprs Association. In this case, the producer takes the coffee to the curing factory and stores the green beans in the auction warehouses, send a sample for auction.Consumption According to the Indian Coffee Board, domestic coffee use is increasing 5 to 6 percent annually, partly due to expansion of the coffee cafe culture and the spread of the coffee intoxication habit throughout India, even into non-traditional coffee drinking regions in the north. The contrive efforts of the Coffee Board and coffee marketers in promoting the beverage as a lifestyle drink via coffee cafes and vending machines has added more visibility to coffee.According to a survey sponsored by the Indian Coffee Board, coffee consumption in 2008 is estimated at 94,four hundred tons, 73 percent in urban areas and 27 percent in rural areas (south India). Based on this, coffee consumption in 2009 is estimated by the Board at 97,000 tons and in 2010 at 100,000 tons. Trade sources are, however, skeptical about the Coffee Boards high consumption figure. According to them, production, supply and distribution fundamentals do not support such high consumption figures.According to them, a significant quantity of succory is departed with coffee, particularly in the soluble coffee segments, which tends to amplify the coffee consumption figures. According to some sources the amount of chicory going into the coffee blend is as high as 25,000 tons, which tends to over-estimate actual coffee consumption. The apocalyptic Bangalore wholesale price of Arabica Plantation A averaged Rs. 203 per kg in 2009 ($2 per pound), and Robusta Cherry AB averaged Rs. 96 per kg (98 cents per pound), compared with the 2008 average price of Rs. 146 per kg for Arabica and Rs. 110 per kg for Robusta.The retail price of pure grind coffee (Arabica plantation) in major southern cities averaged around Rs. 270 per kilogram ($2. 75 per pound), a 17 percent increase over a year ago price. ($1= Rs. 44. 50). Farm gate price for Arabica parchment registered a 30 percent increase in CY 2009 but the increase was much lower or even negative in the case of Arabica cherry and Robusta parchment and cherry. Indias Growing Coffee Cafe Culture Although tea is the main drink of choice in India, now hundreds of trendy western-influenced coffee proscribe have emerged across India in Tier I and Tier II cities.The bean has become big business, so large that it now competes against the once dominant tea on menus everywhere. For coffee fans, India offers a few illustrious coffee bar chains. The significant growth in the number of coffee retail chains in India is due to the changing lifestyle patterns of Indian middle class families and an increase in their disposable income. Although the coffee exclude contribution to Indias amount coffee consumption may not be significant, these coffee cafes have added more visibility to coffee and opened up an outlet for various value added food items.Bar ista Lavazza One of Indias largest certifyd chains of coffee bars, the Barista Lavazza coffee company operates around 205 outlets across India 15 creme lounges and the fill-in espresso coffee bars. It plans to open 300 new stores over the next three years and has begun aggressively marketing its products outside Indian borders into neighboring countries. Considered the Starbucks of the East, Barista offers many of the same menu items like espresso, lattes, cappuccino and various pastries, in addition to raw material coffee.Despite cosmos Indian, Barista sticks closely to its Italian roots by help Italian coffees only if. (www. barista. co. in), Cafe Coffee Day A later entrant than Barista, Cafe Coffee Day (CCD) offers nearly everything coffee-related, from take-home products and equipment to fully operational stores. Since the grounds opening of the first store in Bangalore in 1996, Cafe Coffee Day has grown to become Indias largest coffee retailer, with exports into Europe and the Middle East. homogeneous Barista Lavazza, CCD tends to be in every major Indian metro area. Cafe Coffee Day presently has 810 outlets in over 100 cities. costa Coffee The British influence isnt entirely missing from Indian cities, as the UKs largest coffee retailer has been setting up shops alongside other coffee competitors. The London- gripd costa Coffee Company specializes in imported Italian coffees and made-to-order coffee concoctions like risteretto (a coffee stronger than espresso) and Flat Whites that feature custom barista designs in the froth. Qwikys Coffee Pub The coffee house offers about 101 varieties of coffee, serving drinks such as espressos, lattes, cappuccinos, mochas, americanos and friazzos. It also offers grilled sandwiches, pastries and ice creams.Qwikys clothing brand, accost cards, magazines, books and coffee mugs are also purchasable. Trade Assuming a better than normal production this year, MY 2010/11 coffee exports are forecast at 200,000 to ns, marginally lower than the MY 2009/10 estimate of 210,000 tons. Although export permits issued in MY 2009/10 through March 2010 were ahead of last year, the recent steep predilection of the India rupee against the U. S. dollar is making exports less competitive. Coffee exports in MY 2008/09 were around 175,000 tons, 20 percent down from the MY 2007/08 exports of 220,000 tons because of reduced exportable special and igh domestic prices vis-a-vis global prices. On a calendar year basis, Indias coffee exports in CY 2009 were 189,000 tons compared with 213,000 tons in CY 2008. Italy, Russia, Germany, Belgium, Spain, and Finland account for almost 55 percent of total exports. Exports to the U. S. in CY 2009 were around 3,300 tons up from 2,500 tons in CY 2008. India imports small quantities of low-priced coffee, mostly from Indonesia, Uganda, Vietnam, and drop Coast, for value addition and re-exports. Such imports in IFY 2007/08 were around 27,000 tons and 29,000 tons in IFY 2008/ 09.The Perfect Espresso 1. The taste of your coffee will be directly affected by the amount of coffee you dispense into the handle mavin handle One complete pull 7g No more no less Double handle Two complete pulls 14g No more no less 2. Tamp the coffee. Hold the handle in your left hand, tamp with your right hand. As you tamp give the handle a good hard twist left to right to ensure a solid pack. 3. Wipe the excess grounds from the rim of the handle. Note This will ensure that you dont have coffee grounds image up on the rubber seal in the brewageing head.Over beat this build up will cause grounds to leak into the coffee drink you are preparing. 4. Brew the espresso into a demi tasse. The correct brewing time for an espresso is 20 25 seconds. About The Barista Background, Market Entry Growth Barista coffee was established in 1999 with the aim of identifying growth opportunities in the coffee business. increase disposable incomes and global trends in coffee indicate immense growth potential in one particular segment. More significantly, they believe they have been quick to spot a latent need waiting to be trapped Coffee lovers gatherk a complete experience.One that combines intelligent perspective with the right product mix and carefully de sign-language(a) cafes. In other words, customers seek an experiential lifestyle brand. As of today, Barista exists in over 22 cities, and operates over 140 outlets nationally. In the last 2 years, Barista has opened over 100 outlets in the country and with a new outlet opening nationally every 14 dates Barista is before long experiencing phenomenal growth. With outlets opening in Sri Lanka and Dubai, Barista is looking at potential growth opportunities in Asia, making it highly competitive international brand. Product SourcesBarista sources its coffee beans from around the world, but a major supplier is TATA Coffee, part of the TATA Group that owns a large stake- holding in Barista. These coffee beans are thenc e sent to Venice, Italy where they are roasted into a blend exclusively for Barista. The food and desserts at Barista is exclusively catered to by the Taj, who ensures a high standard of quality with all its products. Barista also sells merchandise through its store, all of which is imported. The merchandise accounts for nearly 1/sixth of Baristas overall sales. Quality Sources Barista has a check on the quality of its products every 14 days.Barista also incorporates TQM at its headquarters in Delhi. Since Delhi is the base for all its distribution, quality control measures are adopted there to overturn any poor quality products being distributed. Serving Size The serving size of a product is a measure, not only of quantity, but also of value for money. The average serving size for Baristas main product categories is detailed in Table given below Product Serving Size Smoothies 240 ml/ 300 ml Cold Coffee 340 ml Hot Coffee (2 kinds) 300 ml Granitas 340 ml determine Barista has a Skim Pricing Policy. They began with a higher price, and glide the cream for the market.With the sudden spurt of growth in number of outlets, came the benefits of economies of scale. Because of this, they have been able to gradually lower their prices, and appeal to diametric segments of their target market. shortly, their prices are the lowest they have ever been, and they can competitively match their prices against Cafe Coffee Days prices. The prices are constantly changing though, and the last 1-year has seen 3 changes (mostly reductions) in prices. This gradual price reduction meant that Barista could fight its attain- maximation policy until it could earn large cost savings because of the benefits of high volume.The main factors that affect their determine are their cost of goods sold. The costs are kinda high because imports a majority of its products and product- sources. Process The order and delivery attend at Barista is based on self- service, where a customer go es up to the foresee to place his order, and goes back to the counter to pick his delivery once it is prepared. pose Consumer Profile According to research, over 65% of Baristas customers are in the 15- 30 age- group. The majority of these are students and young urban professionals. Brand mental pictureBarista purviews itself as a brand for anyone who loves coffee. Their products, services and outlets are more like the traditional European cafes, where people would meet for the love of coffee, and for an intellectual appeal time. They position their outlets as a place where the world meets, and they look to appeal to anyone in the 14- 60 age group that loves good coffee and looks for a nice quiet time. * Products Baristas product mix constitutes a wide range of products that appeal primarily to traditional coffee lovers. Their products themselves are traditional products with traditional names.Food items like croissant, pastas, and sandwiches are free to their coffee, and adv ise a very classic image of Barista. Their merchandising also consists of primarily coffee related products like coffee beans, coffee machines, etc. * Prices Considering that Barista is trying to target a market whose age range is between 18 and 60 years, a determine policy appealing to this segment is difficult. Extremely low prices act as a deterrent to some customers who might regard it as an indicator or quality, while very high prices cannot be afforded by most of the youth.But since Baristas current consumer profile is quite young, their prices are mostly inexpensive, brand at par with their competitors. * People The people at Barista are characteristically trained to be Pleasant, Polite and Positive. They ensure you have a quiet, uninterrupted visit and provide an escape from the daily pressures of life. Their uniforms are in sober shades of brown and orange, and contribute to the overall laid-back look of the cafe. * Logo, Colors, Images Barista, since the beginning has l ooked to use colors in its cafe interiors, logos and images to project a warm, earth glow, synonymous with coffee.Barista uses shades of Orange browned to good effect to promote its laid- back atmosphere. The logo is a conclave of Brown, Orange and Light Yellow with the word Barista written in an upward curve, and the word Coffee underneath. A simple logo that perfectly expresses Baristas brand image A traditional cafe for coffee lovers. * interior design and Architecture Baristas internal decor and architecture expresses the simplicity you would normally associate with traditional cafes. The furniture is made of light shades of wood, and there are comfortable sofas in bigger cafes.The walls are shades of orange, with various photographs of the love for coffee spread around each outlet. * Literature The literary productions provided by Barista is indicative of its brand image. The menus, posters, pamphlets are all traditionally designed, with a classic and simple look. One aspe ct of particular note is their magazine, which is in private circulated in the cafes. The magazine encourages customers write, draw, make etc anything creative and this is then published in the magazine. The magazine not only provides an avenue for advertising, but also an fortune for Barista to express its brand image. * PlaceBarista looks to cater to their target market with strategically located outlets. Their outlets are generally located at High route/ Family Entertainment Centers. Considering their generic appeal, there are Barista outlets in and around Malls, Cinemas, Colleges, and Offices etc. this endorses their brand image of a cafe that appeals to coffee lovers of all ages. * Promotions Barista shortly carries out mass promotion campaigns. This is mainly in the form of promotions in the Press, TV and Radio Medias. At present, they do not rely to a great extent on advertising, but rely more on sponsorships and strategic alliances with other corporations.Barista also tak es part in various sales promotion activities to help increase sales at their outlets. * Sponsorships Barista sponsors various events and festivals, which provides them valuable promotion tell at strategic markets. The sponsorships are mainly in kind, although major events are sponsored in cash also. * Collaborations Barista has entered into special collaborations and alliances with various partners for co- marketing brands. For example, Barista entered into a track with king of beasts Mattel toys to provide the popular board game Scrabble at every Barista outlet across the country.This is an ideal alliance for both the organizations, because it provides Leo Mattel with an important avenue for promoting their product, and it provides Baristas customers an added attraction for spending more time at Barista outlets. Barista has also entered into partnerships with various movies, for promotions through Barista, and recently, they tied up with Star World for its Absolutely Everybody c ampaign. * Sales Promotion Barista uses a special Barista Coffee Card for its sales promotion activities. The Barista Coffee Card entitles you to one complimentary hot beverage when you are done sipping seven.It is available to all Barista coffee regulars. No membership fees, no references required. Fill out the card and you are a member. As a Coffee Card holder, you earn one stamp on the card every time you purchase a beverage. Simply present the card to the cashier when you place your order at any of their outlets. Once you have collected seven stamps, you can hand over the card to receive your complimentary hot beverage. Barista hopes this card can help drive sales growth, and increase customer retention. * dissemination Distribution of outlets Every Barista outlet is owned by the company, and not rightd out to anyone.Barista can thus control and make quick changes to its entire retail chain. Barista currently operates in over 120 outlets all over the country, and at their curr ent rate, they are opening a new outlet approximately every 10 days. They have a market presence in over 20 cities. Mumbai alone has over 30 outlets, and the number of outlets in the city is increasing at a phenomenal pace. Barista has a thumb territorial dominion for selecting cities and locations for the distribution of outlets. Location This is a prime factor in find the success of a retail chain.However, Barista Coffee has adopted a top down approach, wherein they first identify the cities and then decide on diminutive locations within its limits. Selecting a city Barista has devoted substantial management time and effort in zeroing in on the cities where they are now situated. The pick of the cities was based on the pastime criteria. * Sizeable population of executives, students and families in bit A Barista category * High disposable income with people looking for new vistas in leisure and lifestyle oriented concepts * High level or organized retail activity quick soci o- economic development * train of commercial message importance (Industrial cities, state capitals etc. ) * Number of educational establishments and opportunities available for employment. On the basis of the above criteria, they had initially targeted cities like Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Chennai and Hyderabad. Chandigarh and Ludhiana were later added due to tie- ups with Planet M and Ebony to set up store-in- stores at their outlets. They are also pursuing an equally aggressive international business expansion dodge. They have over 50 overseas locations presently under their consideration.They have already done their groundwork in terms of getting brand and name registrations in over 30 of these locations. To facilitate their global expansion, they plan to work with strategic partners, who share the same vision of expanding and promoting the brand worldwide. Currently they have opened new outlets in Sri Lanka and Dubai as a part of their international dodging. Barista acquired by Lavazza Lavazza Group signed an agreement with Sterling Infotech Group to acquire Barista Coffee Company Limited and Fresh Honest Cafe Limited.Barista is the second-largest Indian coffee shop chain in terms of outlets, with cl coffee shops of which 132 in India mainly located in the capital city of New Delhi, in Mumbai and Bangalore. The transaction was carried out based on a precise development strategy that will lead to the opening of 400 outlets by 2010. This target will be achieved leveraging on the fine allowance positioning and importance currently reached by Barista on the Indian market. Fresh Honest Cafe counsellinges on the vending business, specifically on office coffee service, and is the leading company in the bean-to-cup segment (high quality bean product).With an extensive footprint in over 22 Indian cities, Fresh Honest Cafe supplies an average of 300,000 cups of coffee per day, equal to about 800 tons of coffee per year. The company is expanding speedily and has a production site in the southern region of India. Among its customers, it counts the most prestigious hotel chains in India. The acquisition is part of our strategy aimed at expanding our operations in markets with a high development rate and a high growth potential, through a careful policy of acquisitions and alliances, stated Alberto Lavazza, Vice President and chief executive officer of the Group. This ambitious policy has a strong economic impact due to the importance of this transaction, but it also has a significant impact in terms of international expansion and development of our brand. Through this transaction, signed by Lavazza, assisted by Lazard, Lavazza Group becomes one of the leading players in India in the premium coffee sector, thus strengthening also its position as a worldwide player. The total investment for the acquisition and commercial development of the two companies in India is estimated to be approximately 100 million over the next three years. We are delighted to enter the rapidly growing Indian market through Barista and FHCL. The Agreement fits in easy with our strategy to grow in markets with high development potential. In this respect we are proud to enter India with such a significant acquisition, which allows us to take a leading position in coffee shops and in the away from home market in line with Lavazza culture, we will take forward our values which are attention to consumer needs and a impatience for high quality coffee. added Alberto Lavazza.Besides investing in the very interesting Indian coffee market, Lavazza is also monitoring other emerging markets for potential rising investments. Distribution of Stock The distribution of stock at Barista begins from the coffee beans being sent abroad for roasting. The roasting takes place in Venice, and the beans are then supplied to the main warehouse in Delhi. Stock is then distributed to the various regional Warehouses, and then to the local Warehouses. The outlets get their stock from the Local Warehouses. Barista uses a Re-Order take system for the distribution of their stock.Barista out sources its transportation needs from external organizations, and currently uses trucks as the preferred means of distribution. Case analysis of barista coffee swot analysis of the company * Strength * Good customer relation * scurrying delivery * HR are key assets * Wide choice for coffee * Weakness * Expensive brand perception * Very few stores * fortune * go off introduce cheaper coffee. * Can go to smaller town and cities. * Can diversify into tea segment * Threat * Competition from the be coffee chains and outlets. Effects of Govt. commodity price. * Identify problem(case analysis) 1) Strategy of company was not proper for that reason company making loss and 10 non-performing outlet was close in 2005. 2) Price of coffee was very lower as compare to providing their service and cost of product * Establish the problem 1) Barista cherished to tread cautiously this time. It had faced several problem later on as a fall out of its the earlier strategy that hinged on achieving rapid growth and driving first mover avail by opening as many outlets as possible in key cities.It opened 75 outlets within the first two years of operation, where as its competitors, CCD acted much cautiously initially and had set only 18 cafes in its first five years. In 2005, barista was forced to close 10 non- performing outlets. This outlets was not able generate enough profit. Strategy for expansion of barista was not proper for that reason company was making loss and also faced many problem in this business like shutting the outlets. 2) They are targeting upper middle class and upper class people and they are also providing best service and product but pricing policy was not good nough as per services and product quality. focal ratio class people also ready to pay higher price for coffee due to services and quality. Company need to increase price o f coffee so, company can overcome from losses. * Generate alternative 1) withdraw proper strategy and avoid rapid growth. 2) Increase the price of product. * estimate the Alternative 1) For the rapid expansion of business they were not focusing on strategy and weaknesses of company. Company was opened many outlets in first two year but this outlet was not able to generate enough profit. So, company need to make proper strategy and avoid rapid growth. ) Price of company is very lower as compare to services and product. So company wants to increase the price of coffee. * Priorities Alternatives 1) Make proper strategy and avoid rapid growth. 2) Increase the price of product. * Learning from the case * We chequer from this case is how to expand business and how to run business. We are know some about the company and we also learn about the companys various strategy. Company had also know the consumer doings for its product so we are atleast understand something about the consumer b ehavior.We are knew from the case that how consumer behavior affect to the companys product. * We had also learn about various models for consumer behavior and how that affect to the consumer behavior. Barista Coffee case QUESTIONS ANSWERS 1. Was the current pricing and product mix strategy right one? Ans-The pricing strategy for Barista was somewhat different than others. The high pricing strategy was adopted by Barista by high product quality. The product price generally depends on the quality of the product. The eighter steps followed in the procedure of making Barista Coffee by the brew masters.The people who involved in the procedure to make the coffee are known as brew masters. So the main aspect to see the pricing strategy is to compare the quality of products of Barista and the services provided by the company. So let we see some of the key factors which influence to the high prices of Barista Products. * The product of Barista i. e. coffee is passing through eight process es in which the customers get the extra- medium quality as well as services by the Barista outlets in each and every places. The customers which targeted by Barista was the high class people but the number of prospected customers was very less. Because of this reason we can say that the pricing of the product was the excellent due to which the customers remains same and price do not affect a lot. * Competition in the market was high but the services and the product quality was the uniqueness of the company. So they cannot give the franchise to the other owners of the places instead of putting the outlets. So, the pricing strategy of the Barista was right one according to segmentation adopted by them and services provided to the customers.Product mix strategy was the one of different strategy adopted by Barista to serve the customers by providing different kind of coffee making system and high pricing strategy. The products of the barista are as under * El Salvador A sweet sense of taste Rain Fores bean sourced from the Las Zerro Ranas plantation. We developed this brew at the request of a leading investment bank that was looking for the ultimate coffee, where it won out in a blind taste test over the big name brands. This may be our best coffee yet Costa Rican Tarrazu This coffee comes from the Tarrazu region south of San Jose. It is prized for its high acidity, excellent body, and full tangled flavor. * Guatemalan Certified Organic Grown at high altitudes without pesticides or manufactured fertilizers. If offers a distinctively sweet, smoky personality which distinguishes it from other prized coffees from fundamental America. Our CEOs favorite Sumatra Mandheling Of the worlds finest coffees this is arguably the most admired. Gentle, with a long finish, its richness and complexity makes it the ideal coffee to take with cream.From the central part of northern Sumatra, one of the Indonesian islands, this wonderful, very sharp coffee is highly desirable. In the cup this coffee possesses a heavy, full body, concentrated spicy, earthy and robust taste with an herbal spirit, all with little acidity. * Swiss wet Decaffeinated Colombian (X11) High grade European prepped Colombian coffees are put through a patented Swiss Water wash to remove 98% of the caffeine, while leaving all the taste and aroma you expect from a fine cup of coffee. 42/2oz bags per case. * mocha Java A blend of Ethiopian and Indonesian Java coffees, often referred to as the Original Blend.Full corporal, with spicy overtones, roasted medium dark for a truly distinctive character. * Kenyan Blend Known for their intense aroma of lush, ripe blackberries these larger than average beans produce a full bodied coffee dry and tasty, rich and lively. We blend them in a 21 ratio with fine Colombian Excelso to produce an excellent blend that is brightly acidic with no bitterness. 42/2oz bags per case. * Kenya AA Probably Africas finest has a full body, delicate acidity, smooth winey flavor and aroma with a dry winey aftertaste. Very popular with coffee aficionados. Kona Style A distinctive blend of Arabica coffees that captures the light body, sweetness and balanced flavor that Hawaiian Kona is famous for. * French Roast A fine blend of high grown Arabica coffees brought to a high roast. its computer controlled roasting process is able to achieve a smooth bold taste without crossing the fine line to burnt. * Three Bean Reserve The perfect balance of three distinctive estate grown coffees whose tastes complement each other when blended. The lush, winey Kenyan, spicy Guatemalan and the full bodied Colombian Supermom provide the ultimate cup of coffee.These are some of the examples of the coffee product of the company. The prices were charge almost double then the competitors and the services and the products also given with the high quality than others. So in that way we can say the pricing product mix strategy was quiet good and right one. 2. Should it go for premium prices or should it focus on affordability? The existing products provided by Barista to the customers and the pricing state that the people who are interested in this type of coffee product are the found of it.The eight step quality model also used by the company and it has not given any franchise yet to focus on the service and products which was special for the customers. Moreover the profit of the company was in negative term i. e. it made loss so the by going affordable prices the company may occur more loss. The uniqueness of the company was the high service with high quality products with the see memory and for the customers. It may happen that in future the growth of the people with respect to standard of living increases so the no. of prospected customers will go up.In this way the company need to focus on go for premium prices instead of affordability prices. 3. What should be the best way to drive the expansion? Ans-Currently company is making loss as stated in the case itself. So the main area to focus on is the price and the targeted people of the products of Barista. already barista has the second largest maximum number of outclasses across the globe. But the competitor like CCD and Starbucks entering in to the market and taking share of the market so the possibility of expansion is very less but it need to focus on existing one. The company need to focus on the following ways for expansion. The focus must be give the priority to the existing outlets * It need to focus on the coffee products rather than the service because 70% of the revenue generated by Barista coffee products. * So it not need to expand the outlets but it can expand the existing product portfolio in the unveil region where the opportunity exist in the market. 4. Should it go for expansion through company owned outlets or should adopt the franchise rout? Ans-The total number of outlets are 106 which already owned by the company and the coffee preparation and the s ervices provided by the company is arvelous. In the increasing shutdown and the quality, services and considering all other aspects like infrastructure, coffee makers, places and preferences of the customers it need not to expand through franchise instead of expansion by outlets. thence focus on the existing and maintaining the quality with learning experience enjoying to having coffee by the customers are basic focus area of need to expand the markets. 5. Should Barista enter overseas markets? Ans-Barista need not go for overseas market because of some reasons as stated below * Competition of foreign markets Rapid growth in the living standard of the Indian people. * Existence of the current outlets in India * Product mix and the pricing are difficult to maintain in going to the overseas markets is very difficult. Moreover if company wants to enter in to the overseas market then it is possible that the company need to give franchisee and decentralization. So it will lose the qual ity and service of experience learning of the customers. In this way the treat can be come up with the difficulty for to manage the outlets across the globe. Bibliograohy 1) www. indiacoffee. org/advertisement/rainfall-21-2-08. html 2) www. offeeday. com 3) www. barista. co. in 4) www. iipmthinktank. com/functions/marketing/compartive. pdf 5) http//www. superbrandsindia. com/images/brand_pdf/consumer_3rd_edition/Barista%20Lavazza. pdf 6) http//www. edynamic. net/upload/pdf/Barista%20PR. pdf 7) http//www. indiaprwire. com/pressrelease/food/2011082495762. pdf 8) http//www. barista. lk/media/image/corporate_profile. pdf 9) http//cms. colorstv. in/files/media-center/ff_150909. pdf 10) http//www. pinelabs. com/images/March_Newsletter. pdf 11) http//www. worldbaristachampionship. com/documents/WBC_Event_Hosting_Guideline